Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426

means the process of selecting the essential aspects of a source system or referent system to be represented in a model or simulation, while ignoring non-relevant aspects.

means the period of time that consists of the design, development, production, field operation, service and decommissioning phases.

(ADS) means the hardware and software that are collectively capable of performing the entire DDT on a sustained basis in a specific operational design domain (ODD).

means the boundaries of the external physical limits within which the ADS is able to perform the dynamic driving tasks.

means a virtual environment that takes the actions of the element-in-the loop into account.

means a strategy to ensure robust and safe operation of the ADS in response to a specific set of ambient and/or operating conditions (such as road surface condition, other road users, adverse weather conditions, imminent collision risk, failures, reaching ODD boundaries, etc.).

means each occurrence in which the ADS is engaged at the time of a collision event and because of which:

means scenarios related to edge-cases (e.g. unexpected conditions with an exceptionally low probability of occurrence) and operational insufficiencies, not limited to traffic conditions but also including environmental conditions (e.g. heavy rain or low sunlight glaring cameras), human factors, connectivity and miscommunication leading to emergency operation of the ADS.

means a term describing a system whose evolution over time can be predicted exactly and a given set of input stimuli will always produce the same output.

means fully automated vehicles with a driver seat designed and constructed: For dual mode vehicles, the transition between the manual driving mode and the fully automated mode, as well the transition between the fully automated mode and the manual mode may only occur when the vehicle is at standstill, not when the vehicle is moving.

means an object within the ODD which is moving in longitudinal and transverse traffic and which may in particular be a vulnerable road user or another manually driven or fully automated vehicle.

means the ADS operation due to the occurrence of events requiring prompt action to mitigate adverse consequences on human health or property damage.

means the termination of an intended behaviour of a component or a system of the ADS due to a fault manifestation.

means the scenarios related to ADS and/or vehicle components failure which may lead to normal or emergency operation of the ADS depending on whether or not the minimum safety level is preserved.

means an abnormal condition that can cause a failure.

means data collected by the manufacturer and data from other sources, to get evidence on the in-service safety performance of the ADS in the field.

means data reported by the manufacturer to demonstrate evidence on the in-service safety performance of the ADS in the field.

means the period of time during which the ADS system is available on the vehicle.

means a failure or unintended behaviour of a component or a system of the ADS with respect to its design intent.

means reasonably foreseeable situations encountered by the ADS when operating within its ODD.

means an occurrence involving an operational interruption, defect, fault or other circumstance that has or may have influenced ADS safety and that has not resulted in an accident or serious incident.

means the ADS operation within specified operational limits and conditions to perform the designed activity.

(‘OEDR’) means subtasks of the dynamic driving task that include monitoring the driving environment and executing an appropriate response.

refers to safety-related situation involving a vehicle equipped with an automated driving system.

means, where applicable to the ADS safety concept, a person located inside the fully automated vehicle who may: In the above situations, the on-board operator shall not drive the fully automated vehicle and the ADS shall continue to perform the DDT.

means a virtual environment that does not take the actions of the element-in-the loop into account (e.g. system interacting with a recorded traffic situation).

means a capability to control the real-time motion of the vehicle, which involves executing micro-changes in steering, braking, and accelerating to maintain lane position or proper vehicle separation and immediate responsive actions to avoid crashes in critical driving situations.

means the absence of unreasonable risk under the occurrence of hazards resulting from functional insufficiencies of the intended functionality (e.g. false/missed detection), operational disturbances (e.g. environmental conditions like fog, rain, shadows, sunlight, infrastructure) or by reasonably foreseeable misuse/errors by the vehicle occupants and other road users (i.e. safety hazards – without system faults).

means an unmoveable object within the ODD.

means an output variable and defines the range over which the system is likely to exercise control.

means, where applicable to the ADS safety concept, person(s) located outside the fully automated vehicle who may remotely achieve the tasks of the on-board operator provided it is safe to do so.

means a description of the measures designed into the ADS, so that the fully automated vehicle operates for the scenarios and events relevant to the ODD in such a way that it is free of unreasonable safety risks to the vehicle occupants and other road users under fault (functional safety) and non-fault conditions (operational safety).

means the distance of an object to which the AVP feature shall react by an appropriate way, whereby the reaction to front, side or rear objects may vary based on their distance.

means a sequence or combination of situations used to assess the safety requirements for an ADS.

means the smallest vulnerable road user that the AVP feature is able to detect and react to while carrying out the DDT.

means a moveable object within the ODD, which does not move in the relevant period.

means a process involving or containing a random variable or variables.

means a capability to perceive the vehicle environment and control real-time planning, decision, and execution of manoeuvres, including conspicuity of the vehicle and its motion and which includes deciding whether to overtake a vehicle or change lanes, signalling intended manoeuvres, deciding when to initiate the manoeuvre, choosing the proper speed, and executing the manoeuvre.

(TTC) means the time before a collision happens between involved vehicles/objects/subjects if their speeds would not change and taking into account their paths.

means a designated area located within the ODD, which is appropriate to activate or deactivate the AVP feature.

means the means used for inter-connecting distributed units for the purpose of conveying signals, operating data or an energy supply.

means the entity providing a transport service using one or more fully automated vehicles.

means the smallest divisions of system components which will be considered in this annex, since these combinations of components will be treated as single entities for purposes of identification, analysis or replacement.

means the overall level of risk for the vehicle occupants and other road users which is increased compared to a manually driven vehicle in comparable transportation services and situations within the operational design domain.

means fully automated vehicles which do not differ in such essential aspects as: