Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/2280

Contents

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 of 9 December 1996 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein^note, and in particular Article 19(3), (4) and (5) thereof,Whereas:

(1)Regulation (EC) No 338/97 regulates trade in animal and plant species listed in the Annex to that Regulation. The species listed in that Annex include the species listed in the Appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (‘the Convention’) as well as other species whose conservation status requires that trade from, into and within the Union be regulated or monitored.

(2)Levels of trade in certain species require monitoring in order to collect data and consider whether stricter protection might be necessary in the future. To this end, the Scientific Review Group, established pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EC) No 338/97, has during its regular meetings in 2019 and 2020 reviewed different species and concluded that the following taxa should be included in Annex D to that Regulation: Otocryptis wiegmanni, Platysaurus imperator, Tracheloptychus petersi, Zonosaurus maximus, Pseudocerastes spp. (except for the species listed in Annex B), and Atelopus spp. (except for the species listed in Annex A). The Scientific Review Group also concluded that the following species should be included in Annex D, with an annotation delimiting which types of specimens are covered by the listing: Handroanthus spp., Tabebuia spp., Roseodendron spp., Aucoumea klaineana, Rhodiola spp., Boswellia spp., Millettia stuhlmannii, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Entandrophragma cylindricum, Khaya spp., Okoubaka aubrevillei and Baillonella toxisperma.

(3)New annotations should be inserted in the Notes on interpretation of Annexes A, B, C and D. It is necessary to insert one annotation in paragraph 12 in relation to a new listing in Annex C, to reflect the listing in Appendix III by the range state. It is also necessary to insert two annotations in paragraph 17 in relation to tree species to be included in Annex D, in order to ensure that the specimens which occur in international trade are covered by the listing.

(4)In view of recent taxonomic changes agreed by the eighteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 17 to 28 August 2019 (CoP 18), it is appropriate to replace the current listing of Homalopsis bucata in Annex D by the listing of the entire genus Homalopsis spp. It is necessary to change Prionailurus iriomotensis in Annex A to Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, and the listing of Agalychnis spp. in Annex B into a listing of Agalychnis annae, A. callidryas, A. moreletii, A. saltator and A. spurrelli. It is also necessary to change the listing of the family Pristidae so that it falls under the order Rhinopristiformes. The spelling of Pelophylax shqipericus in Annex D needs to be corrected and Lophura hatinhensis needs to be deleted from Annex B as it is treated as L. edwardsi.

(5)The footnote in the Annex to the Regulation related to Ovis collium, O. darwini, O. jubata, O. karelini, O. polii, and O. severtzovi which states ‘This taxon is referred to as Ovis ammon in Annex XIII to Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006’ should be removed, to bring it in line with Annex XIII to Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006^note, as amended by Article 2(14) of the present Regulation. These amendments are a consequence of changes in the taxonomy of this group of species.

(6)The text of certain annotations in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 should be amended to improve clarity (Canis lupus, Caracara lutosa, Ceratophora aspera, C. stoddartii, Lyriocephalus scutatus, Crotalus durissus, and Rheobatrachus spp.).

(7)Goniurosaurus spp. should be moved from the family Eublepharidae to the family Gekkonidae in order to bring the listing in line with the current standard nomenclature.

(8)The following species have been included in Appendix III to the Convention since 14 February 2021: Goniurosaurus kuroiwae, Goniurosaurus orientalis, Goniurosaurus sengokui, Goniurosaurus splendens, Goniurosaurus toyamai, Goniurosaurus yamashinae and Echinotriton andersoni (all with annotation) at the request of Japan, and Calotes ceylonensis, Calotes desilvai, Calotes liocephalus, Calotes liolepis, Calotes manamendrai, Calotes nigrilabris, Calotes pethiyagodai at the request of Sri Lanka. The following species have been included in Appendix III to the Convention since 22 June 2021: Lodoicea maldivica (with annotation) at the request of the Seychelles, and Alauda arvensis, Galerida cristata, Lullula arborea, Melanocorypha calandra, Emberiza citronella, Emberiza hortulana, Carduelis cannabina, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis flammea, Carduelis hornemanni, Carduelis spinus, Carpodacus erythrinus, Loxia curvirostra, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Serinus serinus, Erithacus rubecula, Ficedula parva, Hippolais icterina, Luscinia svecica, Luscinia luscinia, Luscinia megarhynchos, Monticola saxatilis, Sylvia atricapilla, Sylvia borin, Sylvia curruca, Sylvia nisoria, Turdus merula, Turdus philomelos, Oriolus oriolus, Parus ater, Troglodytes troglodytes and Emys orbicularis (only applicable to the population of Ukraine) at the request of Ukraine. These amendments to Appendix III should be reflected in Annex C to Regulation (EC) No 338/97.

(9)The Scientific Review Group has concluded at its regular meetings in 2020, and through several consultations in writing, that listing of the following species in Annex D to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 is no longer necessary, and these species should be deleted from that Annex: Dendrolagus dorianus, Dendrolagus goodfellowi, Dendrolagus matschiei, Dendrolagus pulcherrimus, Dendrolagus stellarum, Columba oenops, Didunculus strigirostris, Ducula pickeringii, Gallicolumba crinigera, Ptilinopus marchei, Turacoena modesta, Crax alector, Pauxi unicornis, Penelope pileata, Eulipoa wallacei, Arborophila gingica, Lophura bulweri, Lophura diardi, Lophura inornata, Bombycilla japonica, Cyanocorax caeruleus, Cyanocorax dickeyi, Procnias nudicollis, Dacnis nigripes, Sporophila falcirostris, Sporophila frontalis, Sporophila hypochroma, Sporophila palustris, Amandava amandava, Cryptospiza reichenovii, Erythrura coloria, Erythrura viridifacies, Estrilda quartinia (frequently traded as Estrilda melanotis), Hypargos niveoguttatus, Lonchura griseicapilla, Lonchura punctulata, Lonchura stygia, Carduelis ambigua, Carduelis atrata, Kozlowia roborowskii, Pyrrhula erythaca, Serinus canicollis, Serinus citrinelloides hypostictus (frequently traded as Serinus citrinelloides), Sturnella militaris, Cochoa azurea, Cochoa purpurea, Garrulax formosus, Garrulax galbanus, Garrulax milnei, Niltava davidi, Stachyris whiteheadi, Swynnertonia swynnertoni (also referenced as Pogonicichla swynnertoni), Turdus dissimilis, Pitta nipalensis, Pitta steerii, Sitta magna, Sitta yunnanensis, Lamprotornis regius, Mino dumontii, Sturnus erythropygius, Teratoscincus microlepis, Rhabdophis subminiatus, Calloselasma rhodostoma, Baronia brevicornis, Papilio grosesmithi, Papilio maraho, Calibanus hookeri, Biarum davisii ssp. marmarisense, Biarum ditschianum, Othonna cacalioides, Othonna hallii, Othonna lepidocaulis, Ceraria carrissoana, and Ceraria fruticulosa.

(10)On the basis of review by the Scientific Review Group, three subspecies should be added to the listing in Annex D to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 of Teratoscincus scincus.

(11)It is necessary to correct certain formatting errors in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 338/97.

(12)In view of the extent of the amendments it is appropriate, for clarity purposes, to replace the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 in its entirety.

(13)Regulation (EC) No 338/97 should therefore be amended accordingly.

(14)The purpose of Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 is to implement Regulation (EC) No 338/97 and to ensure full compliance with the provisions of the Convention.

(15)CoP 18 adopted or amended Resolutions concerning, inter alia, the criteria to determine the purpose of a transaction, the list of standard references used for determining the names of species listed in the Appendices to the Convention, as well as introducing a new code to be used in permits and certificates. Therefore, in order to incorporate those CoP 18 agreements into Union law, it is necessary to amend certain provisions and to add further provisions to Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(16)CoP 18 amended Resolution Conf. 12.3, on Permits and certificates, with regard to different purposes of transaction and the codes to be used in Convention documents for designating those purposes. Those amendments should be made in Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(17)CoP 18 further amended Resolution Conf. 12.3 by inserting a new code to be used to indicate the source of certain plant specimens which do not conform to any of the previously existing codes. That new source code should be included in Annex IX to Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(18)Resolution Conf. 12.3 was furthermore amended with regard to the validity of Convention documents for specimens of species that have been transferred to Appendix I of the Convention. That amendment should be reflected in Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(19)Annex IV to Resolution Conf. 12.3, on Types of biological samples and their use, was also amended, and those amendments should be reflected in Annex XI to Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(20)CoP 18 also amended Resolution Conf. 11.3, on Compliance and enforcement, inter alia with regard to the conditions under which export permits and re-export certificates issued by third countries are to be accepted. Those amendments should be reflected in Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(21)CoP 18 amended Resolution Conf. 12.11, on Standard nomenclature, and the new standard references for nomenclature should be reflected in Annex VIII to Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(22)Already at its seventeenth meeting held in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 24 September to 4 October 2016 (CoP 17), the Conference of the Parties to the Convention amended Resolution Conf. 11.17, on National reports, by replacing the previous biennial reports with implementation reports to be submitted every three years. This change should be reflected in Regulation (EC) No 865/2006.

(23)CoP 17 also amended Resolution Conf. 10.10, on Trade in elephant specimens, recommending that ‘all Parties […] in whose jurisdiction there is a legal domestic market for ivory that is contributing to poaching or illegal trade, take all necessary legislative, regulatory and enforcement measures to close their domestic markets for commercial trade in raw and worked ivory as a matter of urgency’.

(24)The information available at present shows that important quantities of old ivory items are present in the Union, mostly imported into EU Member States before elephant species were included in Appendix I to the Convention.

(25)To strengthen the fight against illegal ivory trade, and taking into account the principle of proportionality, the rules and enforcement efforts need to be reinforced proportionally to the risks identified with respect to the poaching of elephants and illegal trade in ivory.

(26)The general exemption granted in accordance with Article 8, paragraph 4, of Regulation (EC) No 338/97, which allows worked ivory specimens that were acquired more than 50 years previously as defined in Article 2(w) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 to be traded without a certificate issued in accordance with Article 8, paragraph 3 of the same Regulation, should be removed for worked specimens containing elephant ivory. As a consequence, it will no longer be possible to market worked ivory without a certificate issued in accordance with Article 8, paragraph 3 of the same Regulation.

(27)In parallel, account should be taken of the fact that certificates referred to in Article 8, paragraph 3 of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 which concern elephant ivory specimens have been issued for almost 40 years (since entry into force of Regulation (EEC) No 3626/82) and that Union law does not require competent authorities to periodically renew them. As a consequence, it is not possible to have a complete overview of the certificates issued and, in some cases, due to administrative practice evolving over time, doubts may arise as to whether the certified material corresponds to the certificate issued. In order to better contribute to the continuous fight against illegal trade and to allow competent authorities of the Member States to strengthen the control of the trade in elephant ivory within the Union, it appears therefore necessary to set an expiry date to all these certificates. Taking into account the need for operators and authorities to adapt to these changes, the expiry date should be set after a transition period of 12 months after the entry into force of this Regulation.

(28)For a certain time after the removal of these exemptions becomes effective, the amendments are expected to lead to an increase in the number of applications for certificates which are newly required for commercial activities in elephant ivory specimens. The time period within which applications for such certificates are to be processed by Member States’ management authorities should therefore be extended during the first year after the entry into force of this Regulation.

(29)Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 should therefore be amended accordingly.

(30)The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1Amendment to Regulation (EC) No 338/97#

The Annex to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 is replaced by the text in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

Article 2Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 865/2006#

Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 is amended as follows:

(1)in the first paragraph of Article 5, point (5) is replaced by the following:

(5)where required, the purpose of a transaction must be determined applying the criteria set out in Article 5c and indicated on the relevant permit or certificate, using one of the codes contained in point 1 of Annex IX to this Regulation;’;

(2)the following Article 5c is inserted:‘Article 5cPurpose of transaction1.The purpose of transaction shall be indicated using one of the codes contained in point 1 of Annex IX to this Regulation.2.For an export permit, the nature of the transaction between the exporter and importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code. For a re-export certificate, the nature of the transaction between the re-exporter and importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code.The code shall indicate the reason why there is an exchange or movement of the specimen(s) from the exporter to the importer or from the re-exporter to the importer.3.For an import permit or introduction-from-the-sea certificate, the intended use of the specimens by the importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code. The code shall indicate the reason why the importer has requested or is receiving the specimen.4.When an export permit and an import permit or a re-export certificate and an import permit are issued, the purpose-of-transaction code used on the import permit may differ from that on the export permit or re-export certificate, respectively.’;

(3)in Article 7, the following paragraph 7 is added:‘7.Export permits and re-export certificates issued by third countries shall only be accepted if issued by the Management Authority officially designated as competent by the exporting or re-exporting Party.’;

(4)in Article 10, the following paragraph 2b is inserted:‘2b.When a species has been transferred to Appendix I to the Convention at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties, and the Union has not made a reservation on this transfer, the validity of any import or export permit or re-export certificate for specimens of that species shall not extend beyond the date of entry into force of the transfer to Appendix I.’;

(5)in Article 11, the following paragraph 4a is inserted:‘4a.Certificates as referred to in Article 48 which concern elephant ivory specimens and which were issued before 19 January 2022 shall cease to be valid on 19 January 2023.’;

(6)in Article 48(1), the following point (e) is added:

(e)they are worked specimens containing elephant ivory that were acquired more than 50 years previously as defined in Article 2(w) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97.’;

(7)in Article 52, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:‘1.The labels referred to in Article 2(6) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 792/2012 shall be used only for the movement between duly registered scientists and scientific institutions of non-commercial loans, donations and exchanges of herbarium, diagnostic and forensic research specimens (as described in Annex XI to this Regulation), preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens and live plant material for scientific study.’;

(8)in Article 62, point (3) is replaced by the following:

(3)worked specimens that were acquired more than 50 years previously, as defined in Article 2(w) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97, except specimens containing elephant ivory.’;

(9)Article 69 is amended as follows:

(a)the title is replaced by the following:‘Reports on imports, exports and re-exports and on implementation.’;

(b)in paragraph 1, the last sentence is deleted;

(c)paragraph 6 is replaced by the following:‘6.The information referred to in the first sentence of paragraph 5 shall be submitted in a computerised form and in accordance with the “Implementation Report Format” issued by the Secretariat of the Convention and amended by the Commission, one year before each meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, and shall correspond to the three-year period ending on 31 December of the previous year.The information referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 5, where it is not included in the communication pursuant to Article 15(4)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 or in the notification pursuant to Article 66(7), shall be submitted in a computerised form together with the communication pursuant to Article 15(4)(c).’;

(10)Annex VII is amended as follows:

(a)in the row for ‘Cosmetics’, the text in the column ‘explanation’ is replaced by the following:‘Any product or mixture of products which is applied to an external part of the body only (e.g. skin, hair, nails, genitals, lips or teeth or the mucous membranes of the oral cavity) with the intent to clean, odorise, change the appearance or protect. Cosmetics may include the following: make-up, perfume, skin cream, nail polish, hair colorants, soap, shampoo, shaving cream, deodorant, sunscreens, toothpaste. The quantity should reflect the amount of CITES-listed species present.’;

(b)in the row for ‘Fingerlings’, the text in the column ‘explanation’ is replaced by the following:‘Live juvenile fish for the aquarium trade, aquaculture, hatcheries, consumption or for release, including live European eels (Anguilla anguilla) up to 12 cm in length.’;

(11)Annex VIII is replaced by the text in Annex 2 to this Regulation;

(12)in Annex IX, the following point Y is added:

YPlant specimens obtained from assisted production, which are considered not to be “artificially propagated” as set out in Article 56, and also not considered to be taken from the wild because they are propagated or planted in an environment with some level of human intervention for the purpose of plant production.’;

(13)Annex XI is replaced by the text in Annex 3 to this Regulation;

(14)In Annex XIII, the following species are inserted after Ovis ammon: O. collium, O. darwini, O. jubata, O. karelini, O. polii, O. severtzovi.

Article 3Transitional provision concerning the time limit for issuance of certain certificates under Regulation (EC) No 338/97#

By way of derogation from Article 8(3) of Regulation (EC) No 865/2006, the time limit for deciding on the issuance of certificates shall be three months as regards applications under Article 8(3) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 concerning elephant ivory specimens which are submitted between 19 January 2022 and 19 January 2023.

Article 4Entry into force#

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

VIII · Standard references for nomenclature to be used pursuant to Article 5(4) to indicate scientific names of species in permits and certificates

Fauna

		Taxon concerned	Taxonomic reference
MAMMALIA
		All MAMMALIA taxawith the exception of the recognition of the following names for wild forms of species (in preference to names for domestic forms): Bos gaurus, Bos mutus, Bubalus arnee, Equus africanus, Equus przewalskii, andwith the exception of the taxa noted under the different Mammalia orders below	Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (ed.) (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition, Vol. 1-2, xxxv + 2142 pp. Baltimore (John Hopkins University Press).
ARTIODACTYLA	Bovidae	Ovis spp.	Valdez, R. & Weinberg, P.J. (2011). Species accounts 188-207 for Ovis spp., pp. 727-739 in Wilson, D.E., & Mittermeier, R.A. (eds.), Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol.2. Hoofed Mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 978-84-96553-77-4.
	Camelidae	Lama guanicoe	Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (1993): Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. xviii + 1207 pp., Washington (Smithsonian Institution Press).
CARNIVORA	Felidae	Felidae spp.	Kitchener A. C., Breitenmoser-Würsten CH., Eizirik E., Gentry A., Werdelin L., Wilting A., Yamaguchi N., Abramov A. V., Christiansen P., Driscoll C., Duckworth J. W., Johnson W., Luo S.-J., Meijaard E., O’Donoghue P., Sanderson J., Seymour K., Bruford M., Groves C., Hoffmann M., Nowell K., Timmons Z. & Tobe S. (2017). A revised taxonomy of the Felidae. The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. Cat News Special Issue 11, 80 pp.
CETACEA	Balaenopteridae	Balaenoptera omurai	Wada, S., Oishi, M. & Yamada, T. K. (2003). A newly discovered species of living baleen whales. – Nature, 426: 278-281.
	Delphinidae	Orcaella heinsohni	Beasly, I., Robertson, K. M. & Arnold, P. W. (2005). Description of a new dolphin, the Australian Snubfin Dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni sp. n. (Cetacea, Delphinidae). -- Marine Mammal Science, 21 (3): 365-400.
	Delphinidae	Sotalia fluviatilisSotalia guianensis	Caballero, S., Trujillo, F., Vianna, J. A., Barrios-Garrido, H., Montiel, M. G., Beltrán-Pedreros, S., Marmontel, M., Santos, M. C., Rossi-Santos, M. R. & Baker, C. S. (2007). Taxonomic status of the genus Sotalia: species level ranking for "tucuxi" (Sotalia fluviatilis) and "costero" (Sotalia guianensis) dolphins. - Marine Mammal Science, 23: 358-386.
	Delphinidae	Sousa plumbeaSousa sahulensis	Jefferson, T. A.& Rosenbaum, H. C. (2014). Taxonomic revision of the humpback dolphins (Sousa spp.), and description of a new species from Australia. Marine Mammal Science, 30 (4): 1494-1541.
	Delphinidae	Tursiops australis	Charlton-Robb, K., Gershwin, L.-A., Thompson, R., Austin, J., Owen, K. & McKechnie, S. (2011). A new dolphin species, the Burrunan Dolphin Tursiops australis sp. nov., endemic to southern Australian coastal waters. PLoS ONE, 6 (9): e24047.
	Iniidae	Inia araguaiaensis	Hrbek, T., da Silva, V. M. F., Dutra, N., Gravena, W., Martin, A. R. & Farias, I. P. (2014): A new species of river dolphin from Brazil or: How little do we know our biodiversity. PLoS ONE 83623: 1-12.
	Phocoenidae	Neophocaena asiaeorientalis	Jefferson, T. A. & Wang, J. Y. (2011). Revision of the taxonomy of finless porpoises (genus Neophocaena): The existence of two species. Journal of Marine Animals and their Ecology, 4 (1): 3-16.
	Physeteridae	Physeter macrocephalus	Rice, D. W. (1998). Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution - Society of Marine Mammalogy Special Publication Number 4, The Society for Marine Mammalogy, Lawrence, Kansas.
	Platanistidae	Platanista gangetica	Rice, D. W., (1998). Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution - Society of Marine Mammalogy Special Publication Number 4, The Society for Marine Mammalogy, Lawrence, Kansas.
	Ziphiidae	Mesoplodon hotaula	Dalebout, M. L., Scott Baker, C., Steel, D., Thompson, K., Robertson, K. M., Chivers, S. J., Perrin, W. F., Goonatilake, M., Anderson, C. R., Mead, J. G., Potter, C. W., Thompson, L., Jupiter, D. & Yamada, T. K. (2014). Resurrection of Mesoplodon hotaula Deraniyagala 1963: A new species of beaked whale in the tropical Indo-Pacific. Marine Mammal Science, 30 (3): 1081-1108.
PRIMATES	Atelidae	Ateles geoffroyi	Rylands, A. B., Groves, C. P., Mittermeier, R. A., Cortes-Ortiz, L. & Hines, J. J. (2006). Taxonomy and distributions of Mesoamerican primates. In: A. Estrada, P. Garber, M. Pavelka and L. Luecke (eds), New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates: Distribution, Ecology, Behavior and Conservation, pp. 29–79. Springer, New York, USA.
	Aotidae	Aotus jorgehernandezi	Defler, T. R. & Bueno, M. L. (2007). Aotus diversity and the species problem. – Primate Conservation, 22: 55-70.
	Cebidae	Callithrix manicorensis	Garbino, T. & Siniciato, G. (2014). The taxonomic status of Mico marcai (Alperin 1993) and Mico manicorensis (van Roosmalen et al. 2000) (Cebidae, Callitrichinae) from Southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. International Journal of Primatology, 35 (2): 529-546. (for Mico marcai lumped with Mico manicorensis treated as Callithrix manicorensis under CITES]
	Cebidae	Cebus flavius	Oliveira, M. M. de & Langguth, A. (2006). Rediscovery of Marcgrave’s Capuchin Monkey and designation of a neotype for Simia flava Schreber, 1774 (Primates, Cebidae). – Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, N.S., Zoologia, 523: 1-16.
	Cebidae	Mico rondoni	Ferrari, S. F., Sena, L., Schneider, M. P. C. & Júnior, J. S. S. (2010). Rondon’s Marmoset, Mico rondoni sp. n., from southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. International Journal of Primatology, 31: 693-714.
	Cebidae	Saguinus ursulus	Gregorin, R. & de Vivo, M. (2013). Revalidation of Saguinus ursula Hoffmannsegg (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae). Zootaxa, 3721 (2): 172-182.
	Cebidae	Saimiri collinsi	Merces, M. P., Alfaro, J. W. L., Ferreira, W. A. S., Harada, M. L. & Júnior, J. S. S. (2015). Morphology and mitochondrial phylogenetics reveal that the Amazon River separates two eastern squirrel monkey species: Saimiri sciureus and S. collinsi. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 82: 426-435.
	Cercopithecidae	Cercopithecus lomamiensis	Hart, J.A., Detwiler, K.M., Gilbert, C.C., Burrell, A.S., Fuller, J.L., Emetshu, M., Hart, T.B., Vosper, A., Sargis, E.J. & Tosi, A.J. (2012). Lesula: A new species of Cercopithecus monkey endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo and implications for conservation of Congo’s Central Basin. PLoS ONE, 7 (9): e44271.
	Cercopithecidae	Macaca munzala	Sinha, A., Datta, A., Madhusudan, M. D. & Mishra, C. (2005). Macaca munzala: A new species from western Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. International Journal of Primatology, 26 (4): 977-989: doi:10.1007/s10764-005-5333-3.
	Cercopithecidae	Rhinopithecus strykeri	Geismann, T., Lwin, N., Aung, S. S., Aung, T. N., Aung, Z. M., Hla, T. H., Grindley, M. & Momberg, F. (2011). A new species of snub-nosed monkey, genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobinae), from Northern Kachin State, Northeastern Myanmar. – American Journal of Primatology, 73: 96-107.
	Cercopithecidae	Rungwecebus kipunji	Davenport, T. R. B., Stanley, W. T., Sargis, E. J., de Luca, D. W., Mpunga, N. E., Machaga, S. J. & Olson, L. E. (2006). A new genus of African monkey, Rungwecebus: Morphology, ecology, and molecular phylogenetics. Science, 312: 1378-1381.
	Cercopithecidae	Trachypithecus villosus	Brandon- Jones, D., Eudey, A. A., Geissmann, T., Groves, C. P., Melnick, D. J., Morales J. C., Shekelle, M. & Steward, C.-B. (2004). Asian primate classification. International Journal of Primatology, 25: 97-163.
	Cercopithecidae	Cheirogaleus lavasoensis	Thiele, D., Razafimahatratra, E. & Hapke, A. (2013). Discrepant partitioning of genetic diversity in mouse lemurs and dwarf lemurs – biological reality or taxonomic bias? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69: 593-609.
	Cercopithecidae	Microcebus gerpi	Radespiel, U., Ratsimbazafy, J. H., Rasoloharijaona, S., Raveloson, H., Andriaholinirina, N., Rakotondravony, R., Randrianarison, R. M. & Randrianambinina, B. (2012). First indications of a highland specialist among mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) and evidence for a new mouse lemur species from eastern Madagascar. Primates, 53: 157-170.
	Cercopithecidae	Microcebus marohitaMicrocebus tanosi	Rasoloarison, R. M., Weisrock, D. W., Yoder, A. D., Rakotondravony, D. & Kappeler, P. M. [2013]. Two new species of mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae: Microcebus) from Eastern Madagascar. - International Journal of Primatology, 34: 455-469.
	Hylobatidae	Nomascus annamensis	Van Ngoc Thinh, Mootnick, A. R., Vu Ngoc Thanh, Nadler, T. & Roos, C. (2010). A new species of crested gibbon from the central Annamite mountain range. Vietnamese Journal of Primatology, 4: 1-12.
	Lorisidae	Nycticebus kayan	Munds, R.A., Nekaris, K.A.I. & Ford, S.M. (2013). Taxonomy of the bornean slow loris, with new species Nycticebus kayan (Primates, Lorisidae). American Journal of Primatology, 75: 46-56.
	Pitheciidae	Cacajao melanocephalusCacajao oukary	Ferrari, S. F., Guedes, P. G., Figueiredo-Ready, W. M. B. & Barnett, A. A. (2014). Reconsidering the taxonomy of the Black-faced Uacaris, Cacajao melanocephalus group (Mammalia: Pitheciidae), from the northern Amazon Basin. Zootaxa, 3866 (3): 353-370.
	Pitheciidae	Callicebus aureipalatii	Wallace, R. B., Gómez, H., Felton, A. & Felton, A. (2006). On a new species of titi monkey, genus Callicebus Thomas (Primates, Pitheciidae), from western Bolivia with preliminary notes on distribution and abundance. Primate Conservation, 20: 29-39.
	Pitheciidae	Callicebus caquetensis	Defler, T. R., Bueno, M. L. & García, J. (2010). Callicebus caquetensis: a new and Critically Endangered titi monkey from southern Caquetá, Colombia. Primate Conservation, 25: 1-9.
	Pitheciidae	Callicebus vieira	Gualda-Barros, J., Nascimento, F. O. & Amaral, M. K. (2012). A new species of Callicebus Thomas, 1903 (Primates, Pitheciidae) from the states of Mato Grosso and Pará, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo), 52: 261-279.
	Pitheciidae	Callicebus miltoni	Dalponte, J. C., Silva, F. E. & Silva Júnior, J. S. (2014). New species of titi monkey, genus Callicebus Thomas, 1903 (Primates, Pitheciidae), from Southern Amazonia, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, São Paulo, 54: 457-472.
	Pitheciidae	Pithecia cazuzaiPithecia chrysocephalaPithecia hirsutaPithecia inustaPithecia isabelaPithecia milleriPithecia mittermeieriPithecia napensisPithecia pissinattiiPithecia rylandsiPithecia vanzolinii	Marsh, L.K. (2014). A taxonomic revision of the saki monkeys, Pithecia Desmarest, 1804. Neotropical Primates, 21: 1-163.
	Tarsiidae	Tarsius lariang	Merker, S. & Groves, C.P. (2006). Tarsius lariang: A new primate species from Western Central Sulawesi. International Journal of Primatology, 27 (2): 465-485.
	Tarsiidae	Tarsius tumpara	Shekelle, M., Groves, C., Merker, S. & Supriatna, J. (2010). Tarsius tumpara: A new tarsier species from Siau Island, North Sulawesi. Primate Conservation, 23: 55-64.
PROBOSCIDEA	Elephantidae	Loxodonta africana	Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. xviii + 1207 pp., Washington (Smithsonian Institution Press).
SCANDENTIA	Tupaiidae	Tupaia everetti	Roberts, T. E., Lanier, H. C., Sargis, E. J. & Olson, L. E. (2011). Molecular phylogeny of treeshrews (Mammalia: Scandentia) and the timescale of diversification in Southeast Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60 (3): 358-372.
	Tupaiidae	Tupaia palawanensis	Sargis, E. J., Campbell, K. K. & Olson, L. E. (2014). Taxonomic boundaries and craniometric variation in the treeshrews (Scandentia, Tupaiidae) from the Palawan faunal region. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 21 (1): 111-123.
AVES
		Order- and family-level names for birds	Morony, J. J., Bock, W. J. & Farrand, J., Jr. (1975). Reference List of the Birds of the World. American Museum of Natural History. 207 pp.
		All bird species – with the exception of the taxa mentioned below and for Lophura imperialis and Lophura hatinhensis, specimens of which should be treated as specimens of L. edwardsi	Dickinson, E.C. (ed.) (2003). The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Revised and enlarged 3rd Edition. 1039 pp. London (Christopher Helm).in combination withDickinson, E.C. (2005). Corrigenda 4 (02.06.2005) to Howard & Moore Edition 3 (2003).
APODIFORMES	Trochilidae	Chlorostilbon lucidus	Pacheco, J. F. & Whitney, B. M. (2006). Mandatory changes to the scientific names of three Neotropical birds Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, 126: 242-244.
	Trochilidae	Eriocnemis isabellae	Cortés-Diago, A., Ortega, L. A., Mazariegos-Hurtado, L. & Weller, A.-A. (2007) A new species of Eriocnemis (Trochilidae) from southwest Colombia. Ornitologia Neotropical, 18:161-170.
	Trochilidae	Phaethornis aethopyga	Piacentini, V. Q., Aleixo, A. & Silveira, L. F. (2009). Hybrid, subspecies or species? The validity and taxonomic status of Phaethornis longuemareus aethopyga Zimmer, 1950 (Trochilidae). Auk,126: 604-612.
FALCONIFORMES	Accipitridae	Aquila hastata	Parry, S. J., Clark, W. S. & Prakash, V. (2002). On the taxonomic status of the Indian Spotted Eagle Aquila hastata. Ibis, 144: 665-675.
	Accipitridae	Buteo socotraensis	Porter, R. F. & Kirwan, G. M. (2010). Studies of Socotran birds VI. The taxonomic status of the Socotra Buzzard. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists‘ Club, 130 (2): 116–131.
	Falconidae	Micrastur mintoni	Whittaker, A. (2002). A new species of forest-falcon (Falconidae: Micrastur) from southeastern Amazonia and the Atlantic rainforests of Brazil. Wilson Bulletin, 114: 421-445.
PASSERIFORMES	Muscicapidae	Garrulax taewanus	Collar, N. J. (2006). A partial revision of the Asian babblers (Timaliidae). Forktail, 22: 85-112.
PSITTACIFORMES	Cacatuidae	Cacatua goffiniana	Roselaar, C. S. & Michels, J. P. (2004). Nomenclatural chaos untangled, resulting in the naming of the formally undescribed Cacatua species from the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 350: 183-196.
	Loriidae	Trichoglossus haematodus	Collar, N. J. (1997). Family Psittacidae (Parrots). In del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World, 4 (Sandgrouse to Cuckoos): 280-477. Barcelona (Lynx Edicions).
	Psittacidae	Aratinga maculata	Nemesio, A. & Rasmussen, C. (2009). The rediscovery of Buffon’s “Guarouba” or “Perriche jaune”: two senior synonyms of Aratinga pintoi Silveira, Lima & Höfling, 2005 (Aves: Psittaciformes). Zootaxa, 2013: 1-16.
	Psittacidae	Forpus modestus	Pacheco, J. F. & Whitney, B. M. (2006). Mandatory changes to the scientific names of three Neotropical birds. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club, 126: 242-244.
	Psittacidae	Pionopsitta aurantiocephala	Gaban-Lima, R., Raposo, M. A. & Hofling, E. (2002). Description of a new species of Pionopsitta (Aves: Psittacidae) endemic to Brazil. Auk, 119: 815-819.
	Psittacidae	Poicephalus robustusPoicephalus fuscicollis	Coetzer, W.G., Downs, C.T., Perrin, M.R. & Willows-Munro, S. (2015). Molecular Systematics of the Cape Parrot (Poicephalus robustus). Implications for Taxonomy and Conservation. PLoS ONE, 10(8): e0133376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133376.
	Psittacidae	Psittacula intermedia	Collar, N. J. (1997) Family Psittacidae (Parrots). In del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World, 4 (Sandgrouse to Cuckoos): 280-477. Barcelona (Lynx Edicions).
	Psittacidae	Pyrrhura griseipectus	Olmos, F., Silva, W. A. G. & Albano, C. (2005). Grey-breasted Conure Pyrrhura griseipectus, an overlooked endangered species. Cotinga, 24: 77-83.
	Psittacidae	Pyrrhura parvifrons	Arndt, T. (2008). Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura-Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten. Papageien, 8: 278-286.
STRIGIFORMES	Strigidae	Glaucidium mooreorum	da Silva, J. M. C., Coelho, G. & Gonzaga, P. (2002). Discovered on the brink of extinction: a new species of pygmy owl (Strigidae: Glaucidium) from Atlantic forest of northeastern Brazil. Ararajuba, 10(2): 123-130.
	Strigidae	Ninox burhani	Indrawan, M. & Somadikarta, S. (2004). A new hawk-owl from the Togian Islands, Gulf of Tomini, central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 124: 160-171.
	Strigidae	Otus thilohoffmanni	Warakagoda, D. H. & Rasmussen, P. C. (2004). A new species of scops-owl from Sri Lanka. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 124 (2): 85-105.
REPTILIA
CROCODYLIA & RHYNCHOCEPHALIA		Crocodylia & Rhynchocephalia except for the taxa listed below	Wermuth, H. & Mertens, R. (1996) (reprint). Schildkröte, Krokodile, Brückenechsen. xvii + 506 pp. Jena (Gustav Fischer Verlag).
	Crocodylidae	Crocodylus johnstoni	Tucker, A. D. (2010). The correct name to be applied to the Australian freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni [Krefft, 1873]. Australian Zoologist, 35 (2): 432-434.
	Sphenodontidae	Sphenodon spp.	Hay, J. M., Sarre, S. D., Lambert, D. M., Allendorf, F. W. & Daugherty, C. H. (2010). Genetic diversity and taxonomy: a reassessment of species designation in tuatara (Sphenodon: Reptilia). Conservation Genetics, 11 (93): 1063-1081.
SAURIA		For delimitation of families within the Sauria	Pough, F. H., Andrews, R. M., Cadle, J. E., Crump, M. L., Savitzky, A. H. & Wells, K. D. (1998). Herpetology. Upper Saddle River/New Jersey (Prentice Hall).
	Agamidae	Saara spp.Uromastyx spp.	Wilms, T. M., Böhme, W., Wagner, P., Lutzmann, N. & Schmitz, A. (2009). On the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Uromastyx Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae: Uromastycinae) – resurrection of the genus Saara Gray, 1845. Bonner zool. Beiträge, 56 (1-2): 55-99.
	Anguidae	Abronia spp.	UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Taxonomic checklist of the species of the genus Abronia. Species information extracted from “The Reptile Database”, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35. at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf
	Chamaeleonidae	Chamaleonidae spp.	Glaw, F. (2015). Taxonomic checklist of chamaeleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Vertebrate Zoology, 65 (2): 167-246.
	Cordylidae	Cordylidae spp. except the taxon mentioned below	Stanley, E. L., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Branch, W. R. & P. le F. N. (2011). Between a rock and a hard polytomy: rapid radiation in the rupicolous girdled lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 58 (1): 53-70.
	Cordylidae	Cordylus marunguensis	Greenbaum, E., Stanley, E. L., Kusamba, C., Moninga, W. M., Goldberg, S. R. & Cha (2012). A new species of Cordylus (Squamata: Cordylidae) from the Marungu Plateau of south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. African Journal of Herpetology, 61 (1): 14-39.
	Gekkonidae	Cnemaspis psychedelica	Grismer, L. L., Ngo, V. T. & Grismer, J. L. (2010). A colorful new species of insular rock gecko (Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from southern Vietnam. Zootaxa, 58: 46–58.
	Gekkonidae	Dactylonemis spp.Hoplodactylus spp.Mokopirirakau spp.	Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59 (1): 1-22.
	Gekkonidae	Lygodactylus williamsi	Species information extracted from UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). The Reptile Database, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf
	Gekkonidae	Nactus serpensinsula	Kluge, A.G. (1983). Cladistic relationships among gekkonid lizards. Copeia, 2: 465-475.
	Gekkonidae	Naultinus spp.	Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59 (1): 1-22.
	Gekkonidae	Paroedura masobe	Nussbaum, R.A. & Raxworthy, C.J. (1994). A new rainforest gecko of the genus Paroedura Günther from Madagascar. Herpetological Natural History, 2 (1): 43-49.
	Gekkonidae	Phelsuma spp.Rhoptropella spp.	Glaw, F. & Rösler, H. (2015). Taxonomic checklist of the day geckos of the genera Phelsuma Gray, 1825 and Rhoptropella Hewitt, 1937 (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Vertebrate Zoology, 65 (2): 167-246.
	Gekkonidae	Toropuku spp.Tukutuku spp.Woodworthia spp.	Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59 (1): 1-22.
	Gekkonidae	Uroplatus spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Raxworthy, C.J. (2003). Introduction to the reptiles. In: Goodman, S.M. & Bernstead, J.P. (eds.), The natural history of Madagascar: 934-949. Chicago.
	Gekkonidae	Uroplatus finiavana	Ratsoavina, F. M., Louis jr., E. E., Crottini, A., Randrianiaina, R. -D., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2011). A new leaf tailed gecko species from northern Madagascar with a preliminary assessment of molecular and morphological variability in the Uroplatus ebenaui group. Zootaxa, 3022: 39-57.
	Gekkonidae	Uroplatus giganteus	Glaw, F., Kosuch, J., Henkel, W. F., Sound, P. & Böhme, W. (2006). Genetic and morphological variation of the leaf-tailed gecko Uroplatus fimbriatus from Madagascar, with description of a new giant species. Salamandra, 42: 129-144.
	Gekkonidae	Uroplatus pietschmanni	Böhle, A. & Schönecker, P. (2003). Eine neue Art der Gattung Uroplatus Duméril, 1805 aus Ost-Madagaskar (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae). Salamandra, 39 (3/4): 129-138.
	Gekkonidae	Uroplatus sameiti	Raxworthy, C. J., Pearson, R. G., Zimkus, B. M., Reddy, S., Deo, A. J., Nussbaum, R. A. & Ingram, C. M. (2008). Continental speciation in the tropics: contrasting biogeographic patterns of divergence in the Uroplatus leaf-tailed gecko radiation of Madagascar. Journal of Zoology, 275: 423–440.
	Iguanidae	Iguanidae spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Hollingsworth, B. D. (2004). The Evolution of Iguanas: An Overview of Relationships and a Checklist of Species. In: Iguanas: Biology and Conservation (Alberts, A. C., Carter, R. L., Hayes, W. K. & Martins, E. P., Eds): 19-44.. Berkeley (University of California Press).
	Iguanidae	Brachylophus bulabula	Keogh, J. S., Edwards, D. L., Fisher, R. N. & Harlow, P. S. (2008). Molecular and morphological analysis of the critically endangered Fijian iguanas reveals cryptic diversity and a complex biogeographic history. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 363 (1508): 3413-3426.
	Iguanidae	Conolophus marthae	Gentile, G. & Snell, H. (2009). Conolophus marthae sp. nov. (Squamata, Iguanidae), a new species of land iguana from the Galápagos archipelago. Zootaxa, 2201: 1-10.
	Iguanidae	Ctenosaura spp.	Iguana Taxonomy Working Group (2016). A checklist of the iguanas of the world (Iguanidae; Iguaninae). In: Iguanas: Biology, Systematics, and Conservation (J. B. Iverson, T.D. Grant, C .R. Knapp, and S. A. Pasachnik, Eds.): 4–46. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 11(Monograph 6).
	Iguanidae	Cyclura lewisi	Burton, F. J. (2004). Revision to Species Cyclura nubila lewisi, the Grand Cayman Blue Iguana. Caribbean Journal of Science, 40 (2): 198-203.
	Iguanidae	Phrynosoma blainvilliiPhrynosoma cerroensePhrynosoma wigginsi	Montanucci, R.R. (2004). Geographic variation in Phrynosoma coronatum (Lacertilia, Phrynosomatidae): further evidence for a peninsular archipelago. Herpetologica, 60: 117.
	Lanthanotidae	Lanthanotidae spp.	UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Family, genus and species information extracted from the Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS), an online reference; and species information extracted from The Reptile Database, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf
	Teiidae	Teiidae spp.	Harvey, M. B., Ugueto, G. N. & Gutberlet, R. L. Jr. (2012). Review of teiid morphology with a revised taxonomy and phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa, 3459: 1–156.
	Varanidae	Varanidae spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Böhme, W. (2003). Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (family Varanidae) Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 341: 1-43.in combination withKoch, A., Auliya, M. & Ziegler, T. (2010.: Updated Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (Squamata: Varanidae). - Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (2): 127-136.
	Varanidae	Varanus bangonorumVaranus dalubhasa	Welton, L. J., Travers, S. L., Siler, C. D. & Brown, R. M. (2014). Integrative taxonomy and phylogeny-based species delimitation of Philippine water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator complex) with descriptions of two new cryptic species. Zootaxa, 3881 (3): 201–227.
	Varanidae	Varanus hamersleyensis	Maryan, B., Oliver, P. M., Fitch, A. J. & O’Connell, M. (2014). Molecular and morphological assessment of Varanus pilbarensis (Squamata: Varanidae), with a description of a new species from the southern Pilbara, Western Australia. Zootaxa, 3768 (2): 139–158.
	Varanidae	Varanus nesterovi	Böhme, W., Ehrlich, K., Milto, K. D., Orlov, N. & Scholz, S. (2015). A new species of desert monitor lizard (Varanidae: Varanus: Psammosaurus) from the western Zagros region (Iraq, Iran). Russian Journal of Herpetology, 22 (1): 41-52.
	Varanidae	Varanus samarensis	Koch, A., Gaulke, M. & Böhme, W. (2010). Unravelling the underestimated diversity of Philippine water monitor lizards (Squamata: Varanus salvator complex), with the description of two new species and a new subspecies. Zootaxa, 2446: 1–54.
	Varanidae	Varanus sparnus	Doughty, P., Kealley, L., Fitch, A. & Donnellan, S. C. (2014). A new diminutive species of Varanus from the Dampier Peninsula, western Kimberley region, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 29: 128–140.
SERPENTES		Loxocemidae spp. Pythonidae spp.Boidae spp.Bolyeriidae spp.Tropidophiidae spp.Viperidae spp.except for the retention of the genera Acrantophis, Sanzinia, Calabaria, Lichanura,the recognition of Epicrates maurus as valid speciesand except for the species mentioned below	McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Touré, T. A. (1999). Snake Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Volume 1, Washington, D.C. (The Herpetologists’ League).
	Boidae	Candoia paulsoniCandoia superciliosa	Smith, H. M., Chiszar, D., Tepedelen, K. & van Breukelen, F. (2001). A revision of the bevelnosed boas (Candoia carinata complex) (Reptilia: Serpentes). Hamadryad, 26 (2): 283-315.
	Boidae	Corallus batesii	Henderson, R. W., Passos, P. & Feitosa, D. (2009). Geographic variation in the Emerald Treeboa, Corallus caninus (Squamata: Boidae). Copeia, 2009 (3): 572-582.
	Boidae	Epicrates crassusEpicrates assisiEpicrates alvarezi	Passos, P. & Fernandes, R. (2008). Revision of the Epicrates cenchria complex (Serpentes: Boidae). Herpetological Monographs, 22: 1-30.
	Boidae	Eryx borrii	Lanza, B. & Nistri, A. (2005). Somali Boidae (genus Eryx Daudin 1803) and Pythonidae (genus Python Daudin 1803) (Reptilia Serpentes). Tropical Zoology, 18 (1): 67-136.
	Boidae	Eunectes beniensis	Dirksen, L. (2002). Anakondas. NTV Wissenschaft.
	Colubridae	Xenochrophis piscator Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri Xenochrophis tytleri	Vogel, G. & David, P. (2012). A revision of the species group of Xenochrophis piscator (Schneider, 1799) (Squamata: Natricidae). Zootaxa, 3473: 1-60.
	Elapidae	Micrurus ruatanus	McCranie, J. R. (2015). A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa, 3931 (3): 352–386.
	Elapidae	Naja atraNaja kaouthia	Wüster, W. (1996). Taxonomic change and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras (Naja naja species complex). Toxicon, 34: 339-406.
	Elapidae	Naja mandalayensis	Slowinski, J. B. & Wüster, W. (2000). A new cobra (Elapidae: Naja) from Myanmar (Burma). Herpetologica, 56: 257-270.
	Elapidae	Naja oxianaNaja philippinensisNaja sagittiferaNaja samarensisNaja siamensisNaja sputatrixNaja sumatrana	Wüster, W. (1996). Taxonomic change and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras (Naja naja species complex). Toxicon, 34: 339-406.
	Pythonidae	Leiopython bennettorumLeiopython biakensisLeiopython fredparkeriLeiopython huonensisLeiopython hoserae	Schleip, W. D. (2008). Revision of the genus Leiopython Hubrecht 1879 (Serpentes: Pythonidae) with the redescription of taxa recently described by Hoser (2000) and the description of new species. Journal of Herpetology, 42 (4): 645–667.
	Pythonidae	Morelia clastolepisMorelia kinghorniMorelia nautaMorelia tracyae	Harvey, M. B., Barker, D. B., Ammerman, L. K. & Chippindale, P. T. (2000). Systematics of pythons of the Morelia amethistina complex (Serpentes: Boidae) with the description of three new species. Herpetological Monographs, 14: 139-185.
	Pythonidae	Python bivittatus	Jacobs, H. J., Auliya, M. & Böhme, W. (2009). Zur Taxonomie des Dunklen Tigerpythons, Python molurus bivittatus KUHL, 1820, speziell der Population von Sulawesi. Sauria, 31: 5-16.
	Pythonidae	Python breitensteiniPython brongersmai	Keogh, J. S., Barker, D. G. & Shine, R. (2001). Heavily exploited but poorly known: systematics and biogeography of commercially harvested pythons (Python curtus group) in Southeast Asia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 73: 113-129.
	Pythonidae	Python kyaiktiyo	Zug, G.R., Grotte, S. W. & Jacobs, J. F. (2011). Pythons in Burma: Short-tailed python (Reptilia: Squamata). Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington, 124 (2): 112-136.
	Pythonidae	Python natalensis	Broadley, D. G. (1999). The southern African python, Python natalensis A. Smith 1840, is a valid species. African Herp News, 29: 31-32.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Hedges, S.B. (2002). Morphological variation and the definition of species in the snake genus Tropidophis (Serpentes, Tropidophiidae). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Zoology), 68 (2): 83-90.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis celiae	Hedges, B. S., Estrada, A. R. & Diaz, L. M. (1999): New snake (Tropidophis) from western Cuba. Copeia, 1999 (2): 376-381.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis grapiuna	Curcio, F. F., Sales Nunes, P. M., Suzart Argolo, A. J., Skuk, G. & Rodrigues, M. T. (2012). Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs, 26 (1): 80-121.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis hendersoni	Hedges, B. S. & Garrido, O. (2002). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from Eastern Cuba Journal of Herpetology, 36:157-161.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis morenoi	Hedges, B. S., Garrido, O. & Diaz, L. M. (2001). A new banded snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from north-central Cuba. Journal of Herpetology, 35: 615-617.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis preciosus	Curcio, F. F., Sales Nunes, P. M., Suzart Argolo, A. J., Skuk, G. & Rodrigues, M. T. (2012). Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs, 26 (1): 80-121.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis spiritus	Hedges, B. S. & Garrido, O. (1999). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from central Cuba. Journal of Herpetology, 33: 436-441.
	Tropidophiidae	Tropidophis xanthogaster	Domínguez, M., Moreno, L. V. & Hedges, S. B. (2006). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from the Guanahacabibes Peninsula of Western Cuba. mphibia-Reptilia, 27 (3): 427-432.
	Viperidae	Atheris desaixiBitis worthingtoni	UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Species information extracted from The Reptile Database, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf
TESTUDINES		Testudines order names	Wermuth, H. & Mertens, R. (1996) (reprint). Schildkröte, Krokodile, Brückenechsen. xvii + 506 pp. Jena (Gustav Fischer Verlag).
		Species and family names – with the exception of the retention of the following names Mauremys iversoni, Mauremys pritchardi, Ocadia glyphistoma, Ocadia philippeni, Sacalia pseudocellata, and except for the taxa mentioned below	Fritz, U. & Havaš, P. (2007): Checklist of Chelonians of the World. Vertebrate Zoology, 57 (2): 149-368. Dresden. ISSN 1864-5755 [without its appendix]
	Emydidae	Graptemys pearlensis	Ennen, J. R., Lovich, J. E., Kreiser, B. R., Selman, W. & Qualls, C. P. (2010). Genetic and morphological variation between populations of the Pascagoula Map Turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi) in the Pearl and Pascagoula Rivers with description of a new species. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 9 (1): 98-113.
	Geoemydidae	Batagur affinis	Praschag, P., Sommer, R. S., Mccarthy, C., Gemel, R. & Fritz, U. (2008). Naming one of the world's rarest chelonians, the southern Batagur. Zootaxa, 1758: 61-68.
	Geoemydidae	Batagur borneoensisBatagur dhongokaBatagur kachugaBatagur trivittata	Praschag, P., Hundsdörfer, A. K. & Fritz, U. (2007). Phylogeny and taxonomy of endangered South and South-east Asian freshwater turtles elucidated by mtDNA sequence variation (Testudines: Geoemydidae: Batagur, Callagur, Hardella, Kachuga, Pangshura). Zoologica Scripta, 36: 429-442.
	Geoemydidae	Cuora bourretiCuora picturata	Spinks, P. Q., Thomson, R. C., Zhang, Y.P., Che, J., Wu, Y. & Shaffer, H. B. (2012). Species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in the critically endangered Asian box turtle genus Cuora. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 63: 656–667. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.014.
	Geoemydidae	Cyclemys enigmaticaCyclemys fuscaCyclemys gemeliCyclemys oldhamii	Fritz, U., Guicking, D., Auer, M., Sommer, R. S., Wink, M. & Hundsdörfer, A. K. (2008). Diversity of the Southeast Asian leaf turtle genus Cyclemys: how many leaves on its tree of life? Zoologica Scripta, 37: 367-390.
	Geoemydidae	Mauremys reevesii	Barth, D., Bernhard, D., Fritzsch, G. & U. Fritz (2004). The freshwater turtle genus Mauremys (Testudines, Geoemydidae) – a textbook example of an east-west disjunction or a taxonomic misconcept? Zoologica Scripta, 33: 213-221.
	Testudinidae	Centrochelys sulcata	Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk, P. P., Iverson, J. B., Rhodin, A. G. J., Shaffer, H. B. & Bour, R. ]. (2014): Turtles of the world, 7^TH edition: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution with maps, and conservation status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs, 5 doi: 10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014.
	Testudinidae	Chelonoidis carbonariusChelonoidis denticulatusChelonoidis niger	Olson, S .L. & David, N. (2014). The gender of the tortoise genus Chelonoidis Fitzinger, 1835 (Testudines: Testudinidae). - Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 126(4): 393-394.
	Testudinidae	Gopherus morafkai	Murphy, R. W., Berry, K. H., Edwards, T., Leviton, A. E., Lathrop, A. & Riedle, J. D. (2011). The dazed and confused identity of Agassiz’s land tortoise, Gopherus agassizii (Testudines, Testudinidae) with the description of a new species, and its consequences for conservation. Zookeys, 113: 39-71.
	Testudinidae	Homopus solus	Branch, W. R. (2007). A new species of tortoise of the genus Homopus (Chelonia: Testudinidae) from southern Namibia. African Journal of Herpetology, 56 (1): 1-21.
	Testudinidae	Kinixys nogueyiKinixys zombensis	Kindler, C., Branch, W. R., Hofmeyr, M. D., Maran, J., Široký, P., Vences, M., Harvey, J., Hauswaldt, J. S., Schleicher, A., Stuckas, H. & Fritz, U. (2012). Molecular phylogeny of African hinge-back tortoises (Kinixys): implications for phylogeography and taxonomy (Testudines: Testudinidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 50: 192–201.
	Trionychidae	Lissemys ceylonensis	Praschag, P., Stuckas, H., Päckert, M., Maran, J. & Fritz, U. (2011). Mitochondrial DNA sequences suggest a revised taxonomy of Asian flapshell turtles (Lissemys Smith, 1931) and the validity of previously unrecognized taxa (Testudines: Trionychidae). Vertebrate Zoology, 61 (1): 147-160.
	Trionychidae	Nilssonia gangeticusNilssonia hurumNilssonia leithiiNilssonia nigricans	Praschag, P., Hundsdörfer, A.K., Reza, A.H.M.A. & Fritz, U. (2007). Genetic evidence for wild-living Aspideretes nigricans and a molecular phylogeny of South Asian softshell turtles (Reptilia: Trionychidae: Aspideretes, Nilssonia). Zoologica Scripta, 36:301-310.
AMPHIBIA
		Amphibia spp. except for the taxa listed below	Frost, D. R. (ed.) (2015). Taxonomic Checklist of Amphibian Species listed in the CITES Appendices and the Annexes of EC Regulation 338/97. Species information extracted from Amphibian Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, an online reference, version 6.0 as of May 2015 with additional comments by the Nomenclature Specialist of the CITES Animals Committee. See Annex 5 of CoP17 Doc. 81.1 athttps://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/WorkingDocs/E-CoP17-81-01-A5.pdf
		Anura: Microhylidae:Dyscophus spp and Scaphiophryne spp.;Telmatobiidae:Telmatobius culeus; and Caudata: Salamandridae:Paramesotriton hongkongensis	FROST, D. R. (ed.) (2017). Species information extracted from Amphibian Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, an online reference, version 6.0, accessed 12 May 2017. See Annex 3 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A3.pdf

ELASMOBRANCHII, ACTINOPTERI, COELACANTHI, and DIPNEUSTI
		All fish species, except the taxa listed below	Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fricke, R. (eds.) (2015). Taxonomic Checklist of Fish species listed in the CITES Appendices and the Annexes of EC Regulation 338/97 (Elasmobranchii, Actinopteri, Coelacanthi, and Dipneusti, except the genus Hippocampus). Information extracted from Catalog of Fishes, an online reference, version update from 3 February 2015. See Annex 6 of CoP17 Doc. 81.1 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/WorkingDocs/E-CoP17-81-01-A6.pdf
		Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae: Carcharhinus falciformis; Lamniformes: Alopiidae: Alopias spp.;Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae: Mobula spp.;Potamotrygonidae:Potamotrygon spp.;Actinopteri: Perciformes: Pomacanthidae: Holacanthus clarionensis	ESCHMEYER, W. N., FRICKE, R., & VAN DER LAAN, R. (eds.) (2017). Information extracted from Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References, an online reference, version of 28 April 2017, accessed 12 May 2017. See Annex 4 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A4.pdf
SYNGNATHIFORMES	Syngnathidae	Hippocampus spp.	Lourie, S. A., Pollom, R. A. and Foster, S. J. (2016). A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Sygnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa, 4146 (1): 1-066.

ARACHNIDA
ARANEAE	Theraphosidae	Aphonopelma albicepsAphonopelma pallidumBrachypelma spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Platnick, N. (2006). Taxonomic Checklist of CITES listed Spider Species. Information extracted from The World Spider Catalog, an online reference, Version 6.5 as of 7 April 2006. [available at http://www.cites.org/common/docs/Res/12_11/spider_checklist.pdf]
	Theraphosidae	Brachypelma ruhnaui lumped with Brachypelma albiceps treated as Aphonopelma albiceps under CITES	Platnick, N. I. (2014). The World Spider Catalogue, V15. http://platnick.sklipkani.cz/html/
	Theraphosidae	Brachypelma kahlenbergi	Rudloff, J.-P. (2008). Eine neue Brachypelma-Art aus Mexiko (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae). Arthropoda, 16 (2): 26-30.
SCORPIONES	Scorpionidae	Pandinus spp. except for the taxa mentioned below	Lourenço, W. R. & Cloudsley-Thompson, J. C. (1996). Recognition and distribution of the scorpions of the genus Pandinus Thorell, 1876 accorded protection by the Washington Convention. Biogeographica, 72 (3): 133-143.
	Scorpionidae	Pandinus camerounensisPandinus roeseli	Lourenço, W. R. (2014). Further considerations on the identity and distribution of Pandinus imperator (C. L. Koch, 1841) and description of a new species from Cameroon (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae). Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 17 (192): 139-151.

INSECTA
COLEOPTERA	Lucanidae	Colophon spp.	Bartolozzi, L. (2005). Description of two new stag beetle species from South Africa (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). African Entomology, 13 (2): 347-352.
LEPIDOPTERA	Papilionidae	Achillides spp. [only the species of the Philippines]	Page, M. G. P. & Treadaway, C. G. (2004). Papilionidae of the Philippine Island. In: E. Bauer, and T. Frankenbach, Eds.). Butterflies of the world, Supplement 8. Goecke & Evers, Keltern. 58 pp.
	Papilionidae	Ornithoptera spp.Trogonoptera spp.Troides spp.	Matsuka, H. (2001). Natural History of Birdwing Butterflies. 367 pp. Tokyo (Matsuka Shuppan).(ISBN 4-9900697-0-6).

HIRUDINOIDEA
ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA	Hirudinidae	Hirudo medicinalisHirudo verbana	Nesemann, H. & Neubert, E. (1999). Annelida: Clitellata: Branchiobdellida, Acanthobdellea, Hirudine. Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, 6 (2), 178 pp., Berlin (Spektrum Akad. Verlag). ISBN 3-8274-0927-6.

BIVALVIA
VENEROIDA	Tridacnidae	Tridacna ningaloo	Penny, S. & Willan, R. C. (2014). Description of a new species of giant clam (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae) from Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Molluscan Research, 34 (3): 201-211.
	Tridacnidae	Tridacna noae	Su, Y., Hung, J.-H., Kubo, H. & Liu, L.-L. (2014). Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798) – a valid giant clam species separated from T. maxima (Röding, 1798) by morphological and genetic data. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 62: 124-135.
CEPHALOPODA
	Nautilidae	Nautilidae spp.	Family, genus and species information extracted from the Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS), an online reference. See Annex 5 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A5.pdf

ANTHOZOA & HYDROZOA		All CITES listed species	Taxonomic Checklist of all CITES listed Coral Species, based on information compiled by UNEP-WCMC 2012.

Flora

	Taxon concerned	Taxonomic reference
AMARYLLIDACEAE, PRIMULACEAE	Cyclamen, Galanthus and Sternbergia	Davis, A.P. et al. (1999). CITES Bulb Checklist, compiled by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Cyclamen and Galanthus and Sternbergia.
APOCYNACEAE	Pachypodium spp.	CITES Aloe and Pachypodium Checklist (U. Eggli et al., 2001, compiled by Städtische Sukkulenten-Sammlung, Zurich, Switzerland, in collaboration with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) and its update: An Update and Supplement to the CITES Aloe & Pachypodium Checklist [J. M. Lüthy (2007), CITES Management Authority of Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland] as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Aloe and Pachypodium.
	Hoodia spp.	Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Germishuizen, G. & Meyer N. L. (eds.) (2003). Strelitzia 14: 150-151. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Hoodia.
CACTACEAE	All Cactaceae.	CITES Cactaceae Checklist third edition (2016, compiled by D. Hunt) as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Cactaceae, and the amendments and updates outlined in A Supplement to the CITES Cactaceae Checklist Third Edition 2016 (Hunt, D. 2018). The checklist and its supplement can be found on the website of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK at “goo.gl/M26yL8”.
CYCADACEAE, STANGERIACEAE and ZAMIACEAE	All Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae.	The World List of Cycads: CITES and Cycads: Checklist 2013 (Roy Osborne, Michael A. Calonje, Ken D. Hill, Leonie Stanberg and Dennis Wm. Stevenson) in CITES and Cycads a user’s guide (Rutherford, C. et al., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. UK 2013), as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae.
DICKSONIACEAE	Dicksonia species of the Americas.	Dicksonia species of the Americas (2003, compiled by Bonn Botanic Garden and the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Dicksonia.
DROSERACEAE, NEPENTHACEAE, SARRACENIACEAE	Dionaea, Nepenthes and Sarracenia.	CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist (B. von Arx et al., 2001, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK) as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Dionaea, Nepenthes and Sarracenia.
EBENACEAE	Diospyros spp. – populations of Madagascar.	The genus Diospyros in Madagascar: a Preliminary Checklist for CITES Parties (CVPM 2016) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar is available on the Catalogue website. This reference is to be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Diospyros from Madagascar. See http://www.tropicos.org/ProjectWebPortal.aspx?pagename=Diospyros&projectid=17 .There is a link to the page here: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40031908?projectid=17 and the pdf download is here: http://www.tropicos.org/docs/MadCat/Diospyros%20checklist%2028.03.2016.pdfFor information only: Updates on new names will be regularly made available on the online database “Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar” (http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Madagascar).
EUPHORBIACEAE	Succulent species of Euphorbia.	The CITES Checklist of Succulent Euphorbia Taxa (Euphorbiaceae), Second edition (S. Carter and U. Eggli, 2003, published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of succulent euphorbias.
LEGUMINOSAE	Dalbergia spp. – populations of Madagascar	A Preliminary Dalbergia checklist for Madagascar for CITES (CVPM 2014) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar is available as a pdf on the CITES website as SC65 Inf. 21. This reference is to be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Dalbergia from Madagascar. See: https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/sc/65/Inf/E-SC65-Inf-21.pdfFor information only: Updates on new names will be regularly made available on the online database “Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar”. (http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Madagascar).
LEGUMINOSAE	Paubrasilia echinata	Gagnon, E., Bruneau, A., Hughes, C.E., de Queiroz, L. P. & Lewis, G.P. (2016). A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae) as a guideline making reference to the name of this taxon. This reference can be found on “https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=9203”, with free access, and additional information on the taxon can be found at “http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil”
LEGUMINOSAE	Platymiscium pleiostachyum	Bente B. Klitgraard (2005). Platymiscium (Leguminosae: Dalbergieae); biogeography, systematics, morphology, taxonomy and uses. Kew Bulletin. Vol. 60, No. 3 (2005), pp. 321 – 400 be used as a guideline when making reference to the name of this taxon. This reference is available online at https://www.jstor.org/stable/4111062?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents. Free access is possible to this reference.
LILIACEAE	Aloe spp.	CITES Aloe and Pachypodium Checklist (U. Eggli et al., 2001, compiled by Städtische Sukkulenten-Sammlung, Zurich, Switzerland, in collaboration with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) and its update: An Update and Supplement to the CITES Aloe & Pachypodium Checklist [J. M. Lüthy (2007), CITES Management Authority of Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland] as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Aloe and Pachypodium.
ORCHIDACEAE	Laelia, Phalaenopsis, Pleione and Sophronitis (Volume 1, 1995) and Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Disa, Dracula and Encyclia (Volume 2, 1997), and Aerangis, Angraecum, Ascocentrum, Bletilla, Brassavola, Calanthe, Catasetum, Miltonia, Miltonioides and Miltoniopsis, Renanthera, Renantherella, Rhynchostylis, Rossioglossum, Vanda and Vandopsis (Volume 3, 2001); and Aerides, Coelogyne, Comparettia and Masdevallia (Volume 4, 2006)	CITES Orchid Checklist, (compiled by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Cattleya (not C. jongheana), Cypripedium, Laelia (not Laelia jongheana/Cattleya jongheana), Phalaenopsis, Pleione and Sophronitis (Volume 1, 1995) and Cymbidium, Dendrobium (not D. cruentum), Disa, Dracula and Encyclia (Volume 2, 1997), and Aerangis (not A. ellisii), Angraecum, Ascocentrum, Bletilla, Brassavola, Calanthe, Catasetum, Miltonia, Miltonioides and Miltoniopsis, Renanthera, Renantherella, Rhynchostylis, Rossioglossum, Vanda and Vandopsis (Volume 3, 2001); and Aerides, Coelogyne, Comparettia and Masdevallia (Volume 4, 2006).
ORCHIDACEAE	Paphiopedilum spp., Phragmipedium spp., Aerangis ellisii, Cattleya jongheana, Cattleya lobata, Dendrobium cruentum, Mexipedium xerophyticum, Peristeria elata and Renanthera imschootiana	Govaerts, R., Caromel, A., Dhanda, S., Davis, F., Pavitt, A., Sinovas, P., & Vaglica, V. (2019). CITES Appendix I Orchid Checklist. Second Version, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey, and UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. This reference should be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of Paphiopedilum spp., Phragmipedium spp., Aerangis ellisii, Cattleya jongheana, Cattleya lobata, Dendrobium cruentum, Mexipedium xerophyticum, Peristeria elata and Renanthera imschootiana.This reference can be found on the website of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK at “goo.gl/M26yL8”.
ORCHIDACEAE	Bulbophyllum spp.	CITES checklist for Bulbophyllum and allied taxa (Orchidaceae). Sieder, A., Rainer, H., Kiehn, M. (2007): Address of the authors: Department of Biogeography and Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna; Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (Austria) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Bulbophyllum.
PALMAE	Dypsis decipiens and Dypsis decaryi.	Proposed Standard Reference for two CITES-listed palms endemic to Madagascar (CVPM 2016) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar can be found as a pdf on the US Fish & Wildlife Service website. This is to be used as a guideline when making reference to Dypsis decipiens and Dypsis decaryi. See: http://www.fws.gov/international/
TAXACEAE	Taxus spp.	World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers (A. Farjon, 2001) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Taxus.
ZYGOPHYLLACEAE	Guaiacum spp.	Lista de especies, nomenclatura y distribución en el genero Guaiacum. Davila Aranda. P. & Schippmann, U. (2006): Medicinal Plant Conservation 12:50 as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Guaiacum.

Annex XI · Types of biological samples referred to in Article 18 and their use

Type of sample	Typical size of sample	Use of sample
blood and its derivative components	5 ml maximum for liquid samples or dry blood sample on a microscope slide, filter paper or swab	biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology
internal tissues (botanical or zoological), fixed	tissues (5 mm³-25 mm³) in a fixative or histological glass slide containing a +/-5um section of fixed tissue	Histology and electon microscopy to detect organisms and poisons; taxonomic research; biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis
internal tissues (botanical or zoological), frozen	pieces of tissues (5 mm³-25 mm³)	biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis
internal tissues (botanical or zoological), fresh (excluding ova, sperm and embryos)	pieces of tissues (5 mm³ - 25 mm³)	biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis
external tissues including hair, skin, feathers, scales, bone, egg shell, teeth, ivory, horn, leaves, bark, seeds, fruit or flowers	Individual samples with or without fixative for ivory: pieces of ivory approximately 3 cm x 3 cm and 1 cm thick or less depending on analysis method, in accordance with ICCWC Guidelines on methods and procedures for ivory and laboratory analysis^notefor rhino horn: small amounts of powder/shavings sealed in a tamper proof sample bottle, in accordance with the Procedure for Rhino horn DNA Sampling^note	species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis; biomedical research
buccal/cloacal/ mucus/nasal/urinary tract/rectal swabs	small amounts of tissue or cells on a swab in a tube	species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology; biomedical research
cell lines and tissue cultures	no limitation of sample size	biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis
DNA or RNA (purified)	up to 0.5 ml volumes per individual specimen of purified DNA or RNA	biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis
secretions, (saliva, venom, milk, plant secretions)	1-5 ml in vials	production of anti-venom; biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology; age analysis