a group of connected manufacturersmeans a manufacturer and its connected undertakings.
average specific emissions of CO2means, in relation to a manufacturer, the average of the specific emissions of CO2 of all new passenger cars or of all new light commercial vehicles of which it is the manufacturer;
base vehiclemeans any light commercial vehicle which is used at the initial stage of a multi-stage type-approval process;
certificate of conformitymeans the certificate of conformity referred to in Article 18 of Directive 2007/46/EC;
complete vehiclemeans any light commercial vehicle which does not need to be completed in order to meet the relevant technical requirements of Directive 2007/46/EC;
completed vehiclemeans a light commercial vehicle where type-approval is granted following completion of a process of multi-stage type-approval in accordance with Directive 2007/46/EC;
footprintmeans the average track width multiplied by the wheelbase as stated in the certificate of conformity and defined in points 2.1 and 2.3 of Annex I to Directive 2007/46/EC;
manufacturermeans the person or body responsible to the approval authority for all aspects of the EC type-approval procedure in accordance with Directive 2007/46/EC and for ensuring conformity of production;
payloadmeans the difference between the technically permissible maximum laden mass pursuant to Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC and the mass of the vehicle.
specific emissions of CO2means the CO2 emissions of a passenger car or a light commercial vehicle measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and its implementing Regulations and specified as the CO2 mass emissions (combined) in the certificate of conformity of the vehicle.
specific emissions targetmeans, in relation to a manufacturer, the annual target determined in accordance with Annex I or, if the manufacturer is granted a derogation in accordance with Article 10, the specific emissions target determined according to that derogation;
TMmeans the test mass of a passenger car or light commercial vehicle as stated in the certificate of conformity and as defined in point 3.2.25 of Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151;
zero- and low-emission vehiclemeans a passenger car or a light commercial vehicle with tailpipe emissions from zero up to 50 g CO2/km, as determined in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.