31As regards the interpretation of Article 45 TFEU and Article 7 of Regulation No 492/2011, it is settled case-law that the equal-treatment rule laid down in those provisions prohibits not only overt discrimination by reason of nationality but also all covert forms of discrimination which, through the application of other distinguishing criteria, lead in fact to the same result (see, to that effect, judgments of 12 February 1974, Sotgiu, 152/73, EU:C:1974:13, paragraph 11, and of 13 March 2019, Gemeinsamer Betriebsrat EurothermenResort Bad Schallerbach, C‑437/17, EU:C:2019:193, paragraph 18).
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