18In that regard, it is settled case-law that the equal-treatment rule laid down in Article 45 TFEU and in Article 7 of Regulation No 492/2011 prohibits not only overt discrimination by reason of nationality but also all covert forms of discrimination which, through the application of other distinguishing criteria, lead in fact to the same result (see, inter alia, judgments of 5 December 2013, SALK, C‑514/12, EU:C:2013:799, paragraph 25 and the case-law cited, and of 2 March 2017, Eschenbrenner, C‑496/15, EU:C:2017:152, paragraph 35 and the case-law cited).
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