99It follows from the case-law of the ECtHR relating to Article 6 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, signed in Rome on 4 November 1950, which must be taken into account when interpreting Article 47 of the Charter (see, to that effect, judgment of 26 October 2021, Openbaar Ministerie (Right to be heard by the executing judicial authority), C‑428/21 PPU and C‑429/21 PPU, EU:C:2021:876, paragraph 64), that the jurisdiction of a court to hear a case, under the relevant national rules, is part of the requirement to have a ‘tribunal established by law’, within the meaning of Article 6(1) of that convention (see, to that effect, ECtHR, 20 July 2006, Sokurenko and Strygun v. Ukraine, CE:ECHR:2006:0720JUD002945804, §§ 26 to 29, and ECtHR, 1 December 2020, Guðmundur Andri Ástráðsson v. Iceland, CE:ECHR:2020:1201JUD002637418, §§ 217 and 223).
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