806As regards whether point 4(a) of Article 2 of Regulation 2020/1055 is appropriate for attaining the objective pursued, it should be recalled that, as is apparent, in particular, from the definition of ‘cabotage operations’ contained in point 6 of Article 2 of Regulation No 1072/2009 and as stated in recitals 20 and 22 of Regulation 2020/1055, such a transport activity must be of a ‘temporary’ nature in the host Member State (see, to that effect, judgments of 12 April 2018, Commission v Denmark, C‑541/16, EU:C:2018:251, paragraph 53, and of 14 September 2023, Staatsanwaltschaft Köln and Bundesamt für Güterverkehr (Transport of empty containers), C‑246/22, EU:C:2023:673, paragraphs 25 and 29).
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