Judgment_paragraph 155 · European Commission v Kingdom of Spain (C-559/19)

155Nevertheless, according to settled case-law, in order to establish an infringement of Article 6(2) of Directive 92/43, it is not for the Commission to establish the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the action or inaction of the Member State concerned and a significant deterioration or disturbance caused to the habitats or species concerned. It is sufficient for the Commission to establish that there is a probability or risk that that action or inaction might cause significant deterioration or disturbance to those habitats or to those species (see, to that effect, judgment of 14 January 2016, Commission v Bulgaria, C‑141/14, EU:C:2016:8, paragraph 58 and the case-law cited).