25As regards the rule of special jurisdiction provided for, in matters relating to a contract, in Article 7(1)(a) of Regulation No 1215/2012, it should also be noted that the conclusion of a contract is not a condition for the application of that provision (judgment of 8 May 2019, Kerr, C‑25/18, EU:C:2019:376, paragraph 23 and the case-law cited).
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