Judgment_paragraph 94 · Patrick Grégor Puppinck and Others v European Commission (C-418/18 P)

94In that regard, it must, first, be recalled that the obligation to state reasons must apply, as a general rule, to all EU acts that produce legal effects (see, to that effect, judgment of 25 October 2017, Commission v Council (WRC‑15), C‑687/15, EU:C:2017:803, paragraph 52). The statement of reasons must disclose, clearly and unequivocally, the reasoning of the institution that is the author of the measure, in such a way as to enable, on the one hand, interested parties to ascertain the reasons for the measure in order to defend their rights, and, on the other hand, the EU Courts to exercise their power to review the legality of that decision (see, to that effect, judgment of 12 September 2017, Anagnostakis v Commission, C‑589/15 P, EU:C:2017:663, paragraph 28).