17As a preliminary point, it must be recalled that the rule of special jurisdiction laid down by Article 5(3) of that regulation must be interpreted independently and strictly (judgments of 28 January 2015, Kolassa, C‑375/13, EU:C:2015:37, paragraph 43; of 21 May 2015, CDC Hydrogen Peroxide, C‑352/13, EU:C:2015:335, paragraph 37, and of 21 April 2016, Austro-Mechana, C‑572/14, EU:C:2016:286, paragraph 29).
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