25According to the settled case-law of the Court, the provisions of Regulation No 44/2001 must be interpreted independently, by reference to its scheme and purpose (judgments of 13 July 2006, Reisch Montage, C‑103/05, EU:C:2006:471, paragraph 29; of 2 October 2008, Hassett and Doherty, C‑372/07, EU:C:2008:534, paragraph 17; and of 16 January 2014, Kainz, C‑45/13, EU:C:2014:7, paragraph 19).
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