26Services which a provider carries out without moving from the Member State in which he is established for recipients established in other Member States constitute the provision of cross-border services for the purposes of Article 56 TFEU (see, to that effect, judgments in Alpine Investments, C‑384/93, EU:C:1995:126, paragraphs 21 and 22; Gambelli and Others, C‑243/01, EU:C:2003:597, paragraph 53, and Commission v Spain, C‑211/08, EU:C:2010:340, paragraph 48).
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