25Next, with regard to the concept of ‘working time’, within the meaning of point (1) of Article 2 of Directive 2003/88, it is important to note that the Court has repeatedly held that the directive defines that concept as any period during which the worker is at work, at the employer’s disposal and carrying out his activity or duties, in accordance with national laws and/or practices, and that that concept is placed in opposition to rest periods, the two being mutually exclusive (judgments in Jaeger, C‑151/02, EU:C:2003:437, paragraph 48; Dellas and Others, C‑14/04, EU:C:2005:728, paragraph 42, and orders in Vorel, C‑437/05, EU:C:2007:23, paragraph 24, and Grigore, C‑258/10, EU:C:2011:122, paragraph 42).
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