20The scope of Directive 2000/78 must therefore be understood, in the light of Article 3(1)(c) and (3), read in conjunction with recital 13 in the preamble to that directive, as excluding social security or social protection schemes, the benefits of which are not equivalent to ‘pay’ within the meaning given to that term for the application of Article 157(2) TFEU (see, that that effect, judgments in HK Danmark, C‑476/11, EU:C:2013:590, paragraph 25, and Dansk Jurist- og Økonomforbund, C‑546/11, EU:C:2013:603, paragraph 25).
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