98With regard to the Commission’s application for a declaration that the Portuguese Republic has failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 43 EC, suffice it to note that, in accordance with settled case-law, since the national measures at issue involve restrictions on freedom of establishment, such restrictions are a direct consequence of the obstacles to the free movement of capital considered above, to which they are inextricably linked. Consequently, since a breach of Article 56(1) EC has been established, there is no need for a separate examination of the measures at issue in the light of the Treaty rules concerning freedom of establishment (see, inter alia, Case C-463/00Commission v Spain, paragraph 86; Joined Cases C-282/04 and C-283/04Commission v Netherlands, paragraph 43; Case C-171/08Commission v Portugal, paragraph 80; and Case C-543/08Commission v Portugal, paragraph 99).