81According to well-established case-law, national measures which restrict the free movement of capital may be justified on the grounds set out in Article 58 EC or by overriding reasons in the public interest, provided that they are appropriate to secure the attainment of the objective which they pursue and do not go beyond what is necessary in order to attain it (see Case C-112/05Commission v Germany, paragraphs 72 and 73 and the case-law cited; Case C-171/08Commission v Portugal, paragraph 69; and Case C-543/08Commission v Portugal, paragraph 83).