32Since Articles 43 EC and 49 EC are specific applications of the general prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality laid down in Article 12 EC, there is no need to refer to Article 12 EC in order to answer the question (see, to that effect, Joined Cases C-397/98 and C-410/98 Metallgesellschaft and Others [2001] ECR I-1727, paragraphs 38 and 39, and Case C-105/07 Lammers & Van Cleeff [2008] ECR I-173, paragraph 14).
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