- agricultural products
includes agricultural, horticultural, viticultural, and dairy products, livestock and poultry, bees, forest products, fish and shellfish, and any products thereof, including processed and manufactured products, and any and all products raised or produced on farms and any processed or manufactured product thereof, and the term “State” when used in this chapter 1 shall include the Virgin Islands and Guam.
- applicable reporting period
means the period of time prescribed by the prior day report, the morning report, and the afternoon report, as required under section 1635j(c) of this title.
- approved unique identifier
means a number, combination of numbers and letters, or other identifier selected by the Secretary of State using a selection system or method approved by the Secretary of Agriculture.
- barrow
means a neutered male swine.
- base market hog
means a barrow or gilt for which no discounts are subtracted from and no premiums are added to the base price.
- base price
means the price paid for livestock, delivered at the packing plant, before application of any premiums or discounts, expressed in dollars per hundred pounds of carcass weight.
- basis level
means the agreed-on adjustment to a future price to establish the final price paid for livestock.
- beginning farmer or rancher
has the meaning given the term in section 1991(a) of this title.
- boar
means a sexually-intact male swine.
- Board
means the Board of Directors established under subsection (f).
- buyer in the ordinary course of business
means a person who, in the ordinary course of business, buys farm products from a person engaged in farming operations who is in the business of selling farm products.
- cattle committed
means cattle that are scheduled to be delivered to a packer within the 7-day period beginning on the date of an agreement to sell the cattle.
- cattle type
means the following types of cattle purchased for slaughter:
- Center
means the National Sheep Industry Improvement Center established under subsection (b).
- central filing system
means a system for filing effective financing statements or notice of such financing statements on a statewide basis and which has been certified by the Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture;
- commission merchant
means any person engaged in the business of receiving any farm product for sale, on commission, or for or on behalf of another person.
- covered commodity
means—
- current slaughter week
means the period beginning Monday, and ending Sunday, of the week in which a reporting day occurs.
- dairy business
means a business that develops, produces, markets, or distributes dairy products.
- dairy products
means—
- direct producer-to-consumer marketing
has the meaning given the term “direct marketing from farmers to consumers” in section 3002 of this title.
- effective financing statement
means a statement that—
- eligible entity
means—
- eligible partner
means—
- entity
means—
- family farm
has the meaning given the term in section 1632a(a) of this title.
- farm-raised fish
includes—
- food
means a food (as defined in section 321 of title 21) that is intended for human consumption.
- food council
means a food policy council or food and farm system network, as determined by the Secretary, that—
- food service establishment
means a restaurant, cafeteria, lunch room, food stand, saloon, tavern, bar, lounge, or other similar facility operated as an enterprise engaged in the business of selling food to the public.
- formula marketing arrangement
means the advance commitment of cattle for slaughter by any means other than through a negotiated purchase or a forward contract, using a method for calculating price in which the price is determined at a future date.
- formula price
means a price determined by a mathematical formula under which the price established for a specified market serves as the basis for the formula.
- forward contract
means—
- Fund
means the National Sheep Industry Improvement Center Revolving Fund established under subsection (e).
- gilt
means a young female swine that has not produced a litter.
- hemp
means the plant Cannabis sativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis.
- hog class
means, as applicable—
- Indian tribe
has the meaning given the term in section 5304 of title 25.
- initiative
means a dairy product and business innovation initiative established under subsection (b).
- intermediary
means a financial institution receiving Center funds for establishing a revolving fund and relending to an eligible entity.
- knowledge
means actual knowledge.
- lamb
means meat, other than mutton, produced from sheep.
- livestock
means cattle, swine, and lambs.
- lot
means a group of one or more livestock that is identified for the purpose of a single transaction between a buyer and a seller.
- majority-controlled producer-based business venture
means a venture greater than 50 percent of the ownership and control of which is held by—
- manufacturer
means any person engaged in the business of buying milk in commerce for the purpose of manufacturing dairy products.
- maple-sugaring
means the collection of sap from any species of tree in the genus Acer for the purpose of boiling to produce food.
- marketing
means the sale or other disposition of livestock, livestock products, or meat or meat food products in commerce.
- mid-tier value chain
means a local or regional supply network that links independent producers with businesses and cooperatives that market value-added agricultural products in a manner that—
- negotiated formula purchase
means a swine or pork market formula purchase under which—
- negotiated purchase
means a cash or spot market purchase by a packer of livestock from a producer under which—
- negotiated sale
means a cash or spot market sale by a producer of livestock to a packer under which—
- noncarcass merit premium
means an increase in the base price of the swine offered by an individual packer or packing plant, based on any factor other than the characteristics of the carcass, if the actual amount of the premium is known before the sale and delivery of the swine.
- other market formula purchase
includes a formula purchase in a case in which the price formula is based on one or more futures or options contracts.
- other purchase arrangement
means a purchase of swine by a packer that—
- packer
means any person engaged in the business of buying swine in commerce for purposes of slaughter, of manufacturing or preparing meats or meat food products from swine for sale or shipment in commerce, or of marketing meats or meat food products from swine in an unmanufactured form acting as a wholesale broker, dealer, or distributor in commerce, except that—
- packer-owned cattle
means cattle that a packer owns for at least 14 days immediately before slaughter.
- packer-owned swine
means swine that a packer (including a subsidiary or affiliate of the packer) owns for at least 14 days immediately before slaughter.
- packer-sold swine
means the swine that are—
- partnership
means a partnership entered into under an agreement between—
- person
means any individual, partnership, corporation, trust, or any other business entity.
- pork
means the meat of a porcine animal.
- pork product
means a product or byproduct produced or processed in whole or in part from pork.
- prior slaughter week
means the Monday through Sunday prior to a reporting day.
- producer
means any person engaged in the business of selling livestock to a packer for slaughter (including the sale of livestock from a packer to another packer).
- Program
means the Agriculture Innovation Center Demonstration Program established under subsection (c).
- purchase data
means all of the applicable data, including weight (if purchased live), for all swine purchased during the applicable reporting period, regardless of the expected delivery date of the swine, reported by—
- regional food chain coordination
means coordination and collaboration along the supply chain to increase connections between producers and markets.
- reporting day
means a day on which—
- Secretary
means the Secretary of Agriculture.
- Secretary of State
means the Secretary of State or the designee of the State.
- security interest
means an interest in farm products that secures payment or performance of an obligation.
- selling agent
means any person, other than a commission merchant, who is engaged in the business of negotiating the sale and purchase of any farm product on behalf of a person engaged in farming operations.
- slaughter data
means all of the applicable data for all swine slaughtered by a packer during the applicable reporting period, regardless of when the price of the swine was negotiated or otherwise determined, reported by—
- socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher
has the meaning given the term in section 2003(e) of this title.
- sow
means an adult female swine that has produced one or more litters.
- State
means—
- State department of agriculture
means the agency, commission, or department of a State government responsible for agriculture in the State.
- swine
means a porcine animal raised to be a feeder pig, raised for seedstock, or raised for slaughter.
- swine or pork market formula purchase
means a purchase of swine by a packer in which the pricing mechanism is a formula price based on a market for swine, pork, or a pork product, other than a future or option for swine, pork, or a pork product.
- terms of trade
includes, with respect to the purchase of cattle for slaughter—
- Tribal government
means the governing body of an Indian tribe.
- value-added agricultural product
means any agricultural commodity or product that—
- veteran farmer or rancher
has the meaning given the term in section 2279(a) of this title.
- wild fish
includes a fillet, steak, nugget, and any other flesh from wild fish or shellfish.