- Administrator
means the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention;
- assessment
includes, at a minimum, an interview and review of available records and other pertinent information—
- at-risk
has the meaning given that term in section 6472 of title 20;
- Bureau of Justice Assistance
means the bureau established by section 10141 of this title;
- Bureau of Justice Statistics
means the bureau established by section 10132(a) of this title;
- Center
means the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children;
- chemical agent
means a spray or injection used to temporarily incapacitate a person, including oleoresin capsicum spray, tear gas, and 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile gas;
- child sexual abuse material
has the meaning given the term “child pornography” in section 2256 of title 18;
- collocated facilities
means facilities that are located in the same building, or are part of a related complex of buildings located on the same grounds;
- comprehensive and coordinated system of services
means a system that—
- construction
means acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing buildings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, or any combination of such activities (including architects’ fees but not the cost of acquisition of land for buildings);
- contact
means the points at which a youth and the juvenile justice system or criminal justice system officially intersect, including interactions with a juvenile justice, juvenile court, or law enforcement official;
- Council
means the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention established in section 11116(a)(1) of this title;
- dangerous practice
means an act, procedure, or program that creates an unreasonable risk of physical injury, pain, or psychological harm to a juvenile subjected to the act, procedure, or program;
- delinquency prevention program
means a delinquency prevention program that is evidence-based or promising and that may include—
- eligible entity
means—
- evidence-based
means a program or practice that—
- exceptional circumstances
means circumstances in which a youth would benefit to an unusual extent from additional time in the program.
- Federal juvenile delinquency program
means any juvenile delinquency program which is conducted, directly, or indirectly, or is assisted by any Federal department or agency, including any program funded under this chapter;
- gender-specific services
means services designed to address needs unique to the gender of the individual to whom such services are provided;
- graduated sanctions
means an accountability-based, graduated series of sanctions (including incentives, treatment, and services) applicable to juveniles within the juvenile justice system to hold such juveniles accountable for their actions and to protect communities from the effects of juvenile delinquency by providing appropriate sanctions for every act for which a juvenile is adjudicated delinquent, by inducing their law-abiding behavior, and by preventing their subsequent involvement with the juvenile justice system;
- home-based alternative services
means services provided to a juvenile in the home of the juvenile as an alternative to incarcerating the juvenile, and includes home detention;
- Indian tribe
means— that has a law enforcement function, as determined by the Secretary of the Interior in consultation with the Attorney General;
- internal controls
means a process implemented to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives in—
- jail or lockup for adults
means a secure facility that is used by a State, unit of local government, or law enforcement authority to detain or confine adult inmates;
- juvenile delinquency program
means any program or activity related to juvenile delinquency prevention, control, diversion, treatment, rehabilitation, planning, education, training, and research, including drug and alcohol abuse programs;
- law enforcement and criminal justice
means any activity pertaining to crime prevention, control, or reduction or the enforcement of the criminal law, including, but not limited to police efforts to prevent, control, or reduce crime or to apprehend criminals, activities of courts having criminal jurisdiction and related agencies (including prosecutorial and defender services), activities of corrections, probation, or parole authorities, and programs relating to the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile delinquency or narcotic addiction;
- maternity group home
means a community-based, adult-supervised transitional living arrangement that provides pregnant or parenting youth and their children with a supportive and supervised living arrangement in which such pregnant or parenting youth are required to learn parenting skills, including child development, family budgeting, health and nutrition, and other skills to promote their long-term economic independence in order to ensure the well-being of their children;
- mentoring
means matching 1 adult with 1 or more youths for the purpose of providing guidance, support, and encouragement through regularly scheduled meetings for not less than 9 months;
- missing child
means any individual less than 18 years of age whose whereabouts are unknown to such individual’s parent;
- National Institute of Justice
means the institute established by section 10122(a) of this title;
- nonprofit organization
means an organization that is described in section 501(c)(3) of title 26 and is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such title.
- Office of Justice Programs
means the office established by section 10101 of this title;
- parent
includes a legal guardian or other individual who may lawfully exercise parental rights with respect to the child;
- promising
means a program or practice that—
- public agency
means any State, unit of local government, combination of such States or units, or any department, agency, or instrumentality of any of the foregoing;
- racial and ethnic disparity
means minority youth populations are involved at a decision point in the juvenile justice system at disproportionately higher rates than non-minority youth at that decision point;
- related complex of buildings
means 2 or more buildings that share—
- restraints
has the meaning given that term in section 290ii of title 42;
- rural
means an area that is not located in a metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget;
- screening
means a brief process—
- secure correctional facility
means any public or private residential facility which—
- secure detention facility
means any public or private residential facility which—
- serious crime
means criminal homicide, forcible rape or other sex offenses punishable as a felony, mayhem, kidnapping, aggravated assault, drug trafficking, robbery, larceny or theft punishable as a felony, motor vehicle theft, burglary or breaking and entering, extortion accompanied by threats of violence, and arson punishable as a felony;
- sight or sound contact
means any physical, clear visual, or verbal contact that is not brief and inadvertent;
- State
means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands;
- State advisory group
means the advisory group appointed by the chief executive officer of a State under a plan described in section 11133(a) of this title;
- State entity
means the State agency designated under section 11133(a)(1) of this title or the entity receiving funds under section 11133(d) of this title.
- status offender
means a juvenile who is charged with or who has committed an offense that would not be criminal if committed by an adult;
- street youth
means an individual who—
- transitional living youth project
means a project that provides shelter and services designed to promote a transition to self-sufficient living and to prevent long-term dependency on social services.
- trauma-informed
means—
- treatment
includes but is not limited to medical, educational, special education, social, psychological, and vocational services, corrective and preventive guidance and training, and other rehabilitative services designed to protect the public, including services designed to benefit addicts and other users by eliminating their dependence on alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs or by controlling their dependence and susceptibility to addiction or use;
- tribal government
means the governing body of an Indian Tribe.
- unit of local government
means—
- unresolved audit finding
means an audit report finding in the final report of the Inspector General of the Department of Justice that the grantee has utilized grant funds for an unauthorized expenditure or otherwise unallowable cost that is not closed or resolved within a 12-month period beginning on the date when the final audit report is issued.
- valid court order
means a court order given by a juvenile court judge to a juvenile—
- violent crime
means—
- youth at risk of separation from the family
means an individual—