- a local authority
means—
- a relevant education body
means—
- a relevant health body
means—
- a relevant period
means any period during which the employee is absent from work because of his attendance at any place in pursuance of being summoned as mentioned in subsection (1)(a).
- additional hours
means any number of hours of shop work that a shop worker is (or could be) required to work under a contract of employment on Sunday that are (or would be) in excess of the shop worker's normal Sunday working hours;
- adoption agency
means an adoption agency within the meaning of section 2 of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 or as defined in section 119(1)(a) of the Adoption and Children (Scotland) Act 2007.
- agency worker
means an individual—
- agricultural wages order
means an order made under—
- alcohol
has the meaning given in section 2 of the Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005
- appropriate payment
means—
- appropriate person
means a person who is— and in Part XI and the following provisions of this section and section 207 references to a personal representative include a person appointed under subsection (4).
- appropriately extended
means—
- available day within the proposed period of extension
means an available day which begins before the end of the proposed period of extension, • “time of expiry”, in relation to a notice of termination, means the time at which the notice would expire apart from section 143, and • “working day”, in relation to an employee, means a day on which, in accordance with his contract of employment, he is normally required to work.
- bereaved employee
means an employee who— In paragraph (b) “the relevant person” means the person by reference to whom the employee satisfied the conditions specified by virtue of subsection (1)(c) of that section so as to entitle the employee to that leave..
- bereavement leave
means leave under section 80EA;
- betting transactions
includes the collection or payment of winnings.
- betting work
means—
- betting worker
means an employee who under his contract of employment is or may be required to do betting work.
- business
includes a trade or profession and includes any activity carried on by a body of persons (whether corporate or unincorporated), • “carer’s leave” means leave under section 80J, • “childbirth” means the birth of a living child or the birth of a child whether living or dead after twenty-four weeks of pregnancy, • “collective agreement” has the meaning given by section 178(1) and (2) of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “conciliation officer” means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of that Act, • “dismissal procedures agreement” means an agreement in writing with respect to procedures relating to dismissal made by or on behalf of one or more independent trade unions and one or more employers or employers’ associations, • “employers’ association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “expected week of childbirth” means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade u
- cash shortage
means a deficit arising in relation to amounts received in connection with retail transactions, and • “stock deficiency” means a stock deficiency arising in the course of retail transactions.
- catering business
means— and in paragraph (a) “alcohol” has the same meaning as in the Licensing Act 2003.
- certificate of independence
means a certificate issued under section 6 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992.
- child
means a person under the age of 18 (see also section 80EE for the application of this Chapter in relation to stillbirths after twenty-four weeks of pregnancy);
- childbirth
means the birth of a living child or the birth of a child whether living or dead after twenty-four weeks of pregnancy, • “collective agreement” has the meaning given by section 178(1) and (2) of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “conciliation officer” means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of that Act, • “dismissal procedures agreement” means an agreement in writing with respect to procedures relating to dismissal made by or on behalf of one or more independent trade unions and one or more employers or employers’ associations, • “employers’ association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “expected week of childbirth” means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer
- collective agreement
has the meaning given by section 178(1) and (2) of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “conciliation officer” means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of that Act, • “dismissal procedures agreement” means an agreement in writing with respect to procedures relating to dismissal made by or on behalf of one or more independent trade unions and one or more employers or employers’ associations, • “employers’ association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “expected week of childbirth” means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tendin
- commencement date
means the date appointed by regulations under section 44 of the Enterprise Act 2016 for the coming into force of section 33 of, and Schedule 5 to, that Act.
- company
means— (a) a company or overseas company (within the meaning, in each case, of the Companies Act 2006) which has a share capital, or (b) a United Kingdom Societas (or UK Societas) within the meaning of Council Regulation 2157/2001/EC of 8 October 2001 on the Statute for a European company;
- competent authority
includes—
- compulsory school age
has the meaning given in section 8 of the Education Act 1996;
- conciliation officer
means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of that Act, • “dismissal procedures agreement” means an agreement in writing with respect to procedures relating to dismissal made by or on behalf of one or more independent trade unions and one or more employers or employers’ associations, • “employers’ association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “expected week of childbirth” means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tending towards such control, • “job”, in relation to an employee, means the nature of the work which he is employed to do in accordance with his
- contract
means a contract whether express or implied and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing;
- contract of employment
means a contract of service or apprenticeship, whether express or implied, and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing.
- cross-boundary petroleum field
means a petroleum field that extends across the boundary between the United Kingdom sector of the continental shelf and a foreign sector of the continental shelf, • “foreign sector of the continental shelf” means an area outside the territorial waters of any state, within which rights with respect to the sea-bed and subsoil and their natural resources are exercisable by a state other than the United Kingdom, • “petroleum field” means a geological structure identified as an oil or gas field by the Order in Council concerned, and • “United Kingdom sector of the continental shelf” means the area designated under section 1(7) of the Continental Shelf Act 1964.
- Crown employment
means employment under or for the purposes of a government department or any officer or body exercising on behalf of the Crown functions conferred by a statutory provision.
- date of the act
means the last day of that period, and
- date of the request
means the date that the request is received by the employer;
- day
means the period of twenty-four hours from midnight to midnight.
- dependant
means, in relation to an employee—
- discrimination
means discrimination within any of sections 13, 15 to 19A and 21(2) of the Equality Act 2010;
- dismissal procedures agreement
means an agreement in writing with respect to procedures relating to dismissal made by or on behalf of one or more independent trade unions and one or more employers or employers’ associations, • “employers’ association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “expected week of childbirth” means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tending towards such control, • “job”, in relation to an employee, means the nature of the work which he is employed to do in accordance with his contract and the capacity and place in which he is so employed, • “local authority”, in relation to the placement of children under secti
- educational establishment
includes any university, college, school or other educational establishment.
- employee
means an individual who has entered into or works under (or, where the employment has ceased, worked under) a contract of employment.
- employer
includes—
- English local authority
means— (a) a county council or district council in England;
- excluded worker
means a worker who is of a specified description.
- existing employee
means an employee whose employment with his employer began on or after 30th November 1993 and before 6th April 2020.
- expected week of childbirth
means the week, beginning with midnight between Saturday and Sunday, in which it is expected that childbirth will occur, • “guarantee payment” has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tending towards such control, • “job”, in relation to an employee, means the nature of the work which he is employed to do in accordance with his contract and the capacity and place in which he is so employed, • “local authority”, in relation to the placement of children under section 22C of the Children Act 1989, has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 105(1) of that Act);
- external qualification
means an academic or vocational qualification awarded or authenticated by such person or body as may be specified in or under regulations made by the Secretary of State.
- foreign sector of the continental shelf
means an area outside the territorial waters of any state, within which rights with respect to the sea-bed and subsoil and their natural resources are exercisable by a state other than the United Kingdom, • “petroleum field” means a geological structure identified as an oil or gas field by the Order in Council concerned, and • “United Kingdom sector of the continental shelf” means the area designated under section 1(7) of the Continental Shelf Act 1964.
- guarantee payment
has the meaning given by section 28, • “independent trade union” means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tending towards such control, • “job”, in relation to an employee, means the nature of the work which he is employed to do in accordance with his contract and the capacity and place in which he is so employed, • “local authority”, in relation to the placement of children under section 22C of the Children Act 1989, has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 105(1) of that Act);
- harassment
means harassment of the kind described in subsection (1), (2) or (3) of section 26 of that Act;
- independent monitoring board
means a board appointed under section 6(2) of the Prison Act 1952, and
- independent trade union
means a trade union which— (a) is not under the domination or control of an employer or a group of employers or of one or more employers’ associations, and (b) is not liable to interference by an employer or any such group or association (arising out of the provision of financial or material support or by any other means whatever) tending towards such control, • “job”, in relation to an employee, means the nature of the work which he is employed to do in accordance with his contract and the capacity and place in which he is so employed, • “local authority”, in relation to the placement of children under section 22C of the Children Act 1989, has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 105(1) of that Act);
- large shop
means a shop which has a relevant floor area exceeding 280 square metres;
- liquidator or person performing a similar task
includes the official receiver or an administrator, trustee in bankruptcy, judicial factor, supervisor of a voluntary arrangement, or person performing a similar task,
- live birth
means the birth of a child born alive;
- local authority
means— (a) an English local authority, (b) a Welsh local authority, or (c) a Scottish local authority;
- local authority foster parent
has the same meaning as in the Children Act 1989 (see of that Act);
- lock-out
means— done with a view to compelling persons employed by the employer, or to aid another employer in compelling persons employed by him, to accept terms or conditions of or affecting employment.
- neonatal care
means care—
- neonatal care leave
means leave under section 80EF, • • “paternity leave” means leave under section 80A or 80B, •... •... • “position”, in relation to an employee, means the following matters taken as a whole— (a) his status as an employee, (b) the nature of his work, and (c) his terms and conditions of employment, • “protected disclosure” has the meaning given by section 43A, • “redundancy payment” has the meaning given by Part XI, • “relevant date” has the meaning given by sections 145 and 153, • “renewal” includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- newborn child
includes a child stillborn after twenty-four weeks of pregnancy;
- non-public place of business
means a place of business that is not a public place of business;
- notice of a shift
has the same meaning as in section 27BJ.
- objection notice
has the meaning given in section 41A(2);
- obligatory period of notice
has the meaning given by section 136(4), and • “trial period” shall be construed in accordance with section 138(3).
- offshore employment
means employment for the purposes of activities—
- opting-out notice
means a notice given under subsection (1) by a shop worker or betting worker to whom this section applies.
- original contract of employment
has the meaning given by section 153(1) of the Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978 as originally enacted.
- parent undertaking
has the same meaning as in the Companies Act 2006;
- paternity leave
means leave under section 80A or 80B, •... •... • “position”, in relation to an employee, means the following matters taken as a whole— (a) his status as an employee, (b) the nature of his work, and (c) his terms and conditions of employment, • “protected disclosure” has the meaning given by section 43A, • “redundancy payment” has the meaning given by Part XI, • “relevant date” has the meaning given by sections 145 and 153, • “renewal” includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- payment arrangement
means an arrangement between an employer and another person under which payments made by customers of the employer are to be received by the other person instead of the employer;
- period of notice
means—
- petroleum field
means a geological structure identified as an oil or gas field by the Order in Council concerned, and • “United Kingdom sector of the continental shelf” means the area designated under section 1(7) of the Continental Shelf Act 1964.
- police service
means—
- pre-termination negotiations
means any offer made or discussions held, before the termination of the employment in question, with a view to it being terminated on terms agreed between the employer and the employee.
- pre-TURERA employee
means an employee whose employment with his employer began before 30th November 1993 (the day on which section 26 of the Trade Union Reform and Employment Rights Act 1993 came into force), whether or not the provisions of sections 1 to 6 of the Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978, as they had effect before the substitution made by that section, applied to him before that date.
- pregnancy loss
means— (a) the ending of a pregnancy after less than twenty-four weeks of pregnancy in any way other than by a live birth, or (b) the failure of an embryo to become implanted following a transfer carried out in the course of providing treatment services within the meaning of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990;
- prescribed
means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.
- probationary period
means a temporary period specified in the contract of employment or other worker’s contract between a worker and an employer that—
- prohibited list
has the meaning given in those Regulations (see regulation 3(2)).
- protected disclosure
has the meaning given by section 43A, • “redundancy payment” has the meaning given by Part XI, • “relevant date” has the meaning given by sections 145 and 153, • “renewal” includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- public place of business
means a place of business where interaction between— (a) customers of the employer, and (b) workers of the employer, occurs wholly or mainly face-to-face.
- public sector employer
means a person that— (a) is wholly or mainly funded from public funds, (b) is under a statutory duty to carry out any functions of a public nature, and (c) so far as carrying out those functions, does not operate on a commercial basis;
- qualified lawyer
means—
- qualifying disclosure
has the meaning given by section 43B;
- qualifying reason
means— (a) a reason of the type mentioned in section 98(1)(b), or (b) in relation to a worker who was not an employee immediately before ceasing to be employed, a reason that would be of the type mentioned in section 98(1)(b) if references in that provision and in section 98(2) and (3) to an employee were references to a worker;
- qualifying tips, gratuities and service charges
means—
- redundancy case
means a case where paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (1) of this section are satisfied.
- redundancy payment
has the meaning given by Part XI, • “relevant date” has the meaning given by sections 145 and 153, • “renewal” includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- reference period
means a period of at least one day, as determined by the employer from time to time;
- regulations
means regulations made by the Secretary of State.
- relevant contract
means any contract, other than a contract of employment, whether express or implied and (if express) whether oral or in writing, by which an individual undertakes to do or perform (whether personally or otherwise) any work or services for another party to the contract whose status is by virtue of the contract that of a client or customer of any profession or business undertaking carried on by the individual.
- relevant date
has the meaning given by sections 145 and 153, • “renewal” includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- relevant floor area
means the internal floor area of so much of the large shop in question as consists of or is comprised in a building.
- relevant independent adviser
has the meaning that it has for the purposes of section 203(3)(c);
- relevant intervention direction
means— (a) in the case of an English local authority, a direction under section 15(5) or (6)(a) of the Local Government Act 1999 (powers to deal with failure to comply with duties relating to best value authorities);
- relevant member of the House of Commons staff
means any person—
- relevant member of the House of Lords staff
means any person who is employed under a contract of employment with the Corporate Officer of the House of Lords.
- relevant occupational pension scheme
means an occupational pension scheme (as defined in section 1 of the Pension Schemes Act 1993) established under a trust, and
- relevant period
means the period determined by section 43ZA(2) (but subject to section 41D(3)).
- relevant person
means—
- relevant qualification
means an external qualification the attainment of which— and for the purposes of paragraph (c) “ external qualification ” means an academic or vocational qualification awarded or authenticated by such person or body as may be specified in or under regulations made by the Secretary of State.
- relevant recommendation
means a recommendation in a specified provision of a code of practice issued or approved under section 16 of the Health and Safety at Work etc.
- relevant requirement
means a requirement imposed by or under a specified provision of an enactment or of an instrument made under an enactment, and • “relevant recommendation” means a recommendation in a specified provision of a code of practice issued or approved under section 16 of the Health and Safety at Work etc.
- relevant tips
means the qualifying tips, gratuities and service charges that—
- renewal
includes extension, and any reference to renewing a contract or a fixed term shall be construed accordingly, • “section 63D application” has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- response period
means the period of four weeks beginning with the date of the request.
- restricted variation
has the same meaning as in section 104I.
- retail trade or business
includes— but does not include catering business or the sale at theatres and places of amusement of programmes, catalogues and similar items.
- school age
has the meaning given in section 31 of the Education (Scotland) Act 1980.
- Scottish local authority
means a council constituted under section 2 of the Local Government etc.
- section 63D application
has the meaning given by section 63D(2);
- service complaint
means a complaint under section 334 of the Armed Forces Act 2006;
- sexual harassment
means harassment of the kind described in section 26(2) of the Equality Act 2010 (unwanted conduct of a sexual nature).
- shared parental leave
means leave under section 75E or 75G, • “statutory provision” means a provision, whether of a general or a special nature, contained in, or in any document made or issued under, any Act, whether of a general or special nature, • “successor”, in relation to the employer of an employee, means (subject to subsection (2)) a person who in consequence of a change occurring (whether by virtue of a sale or other disposition or by operation of law) in the ownership of the undertaking, or of the part of the undertaking, for the purposes of which the employee was employed, has become the owner of the undertaking or part, • “trade union” has the meaning given by section 1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “week”— (a) in Chapter I of this Part means a week ending with Saturday, and (b) otherwise, except in sections 27C,75F, 75H, 80A, 80B, 80EA, 80EF, 80J and 86and paragraph 11 of Schedule A1, means, in relation to an employee whose remuneration is calculated weekly by a week ending with a day other than Saturday, a week ending with that other day and, in relation to any other employee, a week ending with Saturday.
- shop
means any premises where there is carried on a trade or business consisting wholly or mainly of the sale of goods;
- shop work
means work in or about a shop... on a day on which the shop is open for the serving of customers.
- shop worker
means an employee who, under his contract of employment, is or may be required to do shop work.
- short notice
means—
- social security contributions regulations
means any regulations making provision related to social security contributions of employers or workers;
- specified
means specified in the regulations.
- specified provision
means a provision for the time being specified in an order made by the Secretary of State under this subsection.
- statutory duty
means a duty imposed by or under any enactment, including— (a) a Measure or Act of the National Assembly for Wales or an Act of Senedd Cymru, and (b) an Act of the Scottish Parliament;
- statutory provision
means a provision, whether of a general or a special nature, contained in, or in any document made or issued under, any Act, whether of a general or special nature, • “successor”, in relation to the employer of an employee, means (subject to subsection (2)) a person who in consequence of a change occurring (whether by virtue of a sale or other disposition or by operation of law) in the ownership of the undertaking, or of the part of the undertaking, for the purposes of which the employee was employed, has become the owner of the undertaking or part, • “trade union” has the meaning given by section 1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “week”— (a) in Chapter I of this Part means a week ending with Saturday, and (b) otherwise, except in sections 27C,75F, 75H, 80A, 80B, 80EA, 80EF, 80J and 86and paragraph 11 of Schedule A1, means, in relation to an employee whose remuneration is calculated weekly by a week ending with a day other than Saturday, a week ending with that other day and, in relation to any other employee, a week ending with Saturday.
- stock deficiency
means a stock deficiency arising in the course of retail transactions.
- strike
means— done as a means of compelling their employer or any employed person or body of employed persons, or to aid other employees in compelling their employer or any employed person or body of employed persons, to accept or not to accept terms or conditions of or affecting employment.
- subsequent statutory provisions
means provisions made by or under an Act of Parliament and coming into force after the code of practice was issued.
- the 2010 Regulations
means the Employment Relations Act 1999 (Blacklists) Regulations 2010, and • “ prohibited list ” has the meaning given in those Regulations (see regulation 3(2)).
- the appropriate amount
means—
- the appropriate Isle of Man authority
means such authority as may be specified in an Act of Tynwald.
- the appropriate Minister
means—
- the appropriate Northern Ireland authority
means such authority as may be specified in the Northern Ireland legislation.
- the appropriate officer
means—
- the data protection legislation
has the same meaning as in the Data Protection Act 2018 (see section 3(9) of that Act).
- the material date
means—
- the relevant amount of time
means an amount of time specified in or determined in accordance with regulations under section 75G.
- the relevant commencement date
means, in relation to Scotland, the date on which that section came into force.
- the relevant date
means—
- the relevant officer
means—
- the relevant period
means the period of twelve months beginning with the date when the employer established the existence of the shortage or deficiency or (if earlier) the date when he ought reasonably to have done so.
- the relevant period of twelve weeks
means the period of twelve weeks ending—
- the relevant person
means the person by reference to whom the employee satisfied the conditions specified by virtue of subsection (1)(c) of that section so as to entitle the employee to that leave..
- the relevant proportion
means the proportion which the hours of shop work, or betting work, which (apart from this Part) the shop worker, or betting worker, could have been required to do on Sunday in the period (“the contractual Sunday hours”) bears to the aggregate of those hours and the hours of work actually done by the shop worker, or betting worker, in the period.
- the response period
has the same meaning as in section 27BD.
- the service complaint procedures
means the procedures prescribed by regulations under that section.
- trade union
has the meaning given by section 1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, • “week”— (a) in Chapter I of this Part means a week ending with Saturday, and (b) otherwise, except in sections 27C,75F, 75H, 80A, 80B, 80EA, 80EF, 80J and 86and paragraph 11 of Schedule A1, means, in relation to an employee whose remuneration is calculated weekly by a week ending with a day other than Saturday, a week ending with that other day and, in relation to any other employee, a week ending with Saturday.
- trustee
includes the supervisor of a voluntary arrangement proposed for the purposes of, and approved under, Part I or VIII of the Insolvency Act 1986.
- unauthorised deduction
means a deduction that is not required or authorised to be made by virtue of a statutory provision.
- United Kingdom sector of the continental shelf
means the area designated under section 1(7) of the Continental Shelf Act 1964.
- week
means any period of seven days.
- Welsh local authority
means— (a) a county council or county borough council in Wales;
- wholesale trade
means the sale of goods for use or resale in the course of a business or the hire of goods for use in the course of a business.
- work-finding agency
has the meaning given by section 27BV;
- worker
includes an individual who is not a worker as defined by section 230(3) but who—
- zero hours arrangement
means an arrangement under which— (a) an employer and an individual agree terms on which the individual will do any work where the employer makes it available to the individual and the individual agrees to do it, but (b) the employer is not required to make any work available to the individual, nor the individual required to accept it, and in this Part “employer”, in relation to a zero hours arrangement, is to be read accordingly;
- zero hours contract
means a contract of employment or other worker’s contract under which— (a) the undertaking to do work is an undertaking to do so conditionally on the employer making work available to the worker, and (b) there is no certainty that any such work will be made available to the worker.
- zero hours workers
means—