Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978

Contents

8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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9Regulation of adoption agencies.#

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11Restriction on arranging adoptions and placing of children.#

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3Approval of adoption societies.#

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4Withdrawal of approval.#

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5Procedure on refusal to approve, or withdrawal of approval from, adoption societies.#

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1Establishment of Adoption Service.#

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2Local authorities’ social work.#

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6Duty to promote welfare of child.#

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6ADuty to consider alternatives to adoption.#

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7Religious upbringing of adopted child.#

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22Notification to local authority of adoption application.#

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22AChildren subject to supervision requirements.#

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23Reports where child placed by agency.#

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24Restrictions on making adoption orders.#

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25Interim orders.#

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25ATimetable for resolving question as to whether agreement to adoption order etc. should be dispensed with.#

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26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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18Freeing child for adoption.#

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19Progress reports to former parent.#

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20Revocation of s. 18 order.#

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21Variation of section 18 order so as to substitute one adoption agency for another.#

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12Adoption orders.#

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13Child to live with adopters before order made.#

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14Adoption by married couple.#

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15Adoption by one person.#

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16Parental agreement.#

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17Convention adoption orders.#

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Part III · Care and Protection of Children Awaiting Adoption

32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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Restrictions on removal of children

27Restrictions on removal where adoption agreed or application made under s. 18.#

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28Restrictions on removal where applicant has provided home for 5 years.#

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29Return of child taken away in breach of s. 27 or 28.#

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29AContravention of sections 30 to 36 of Adoption and Children Act 2002#

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30Return of children placed for adoption by adoption agencies.#

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31Application of s. 30 where child not placed for adoption.#

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Part IV · Status of Adopted Children

38Meaning of “adoption order”: in Part IV.#

(1)In this Part “adoption order” means—

(a)an adoption order within the meaning of section 65(1);

(b)an adoption order under the ^noteChildren Act 1975, the ^noteAdoption Act 1958, the ^noteAdoption Act 1950 or any enactment repealed by the Adoption Act 1950;

(c)an order effecting an adoption made in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man or any of the Channel Islands;

(cc)a Convention adoption;

(d)an “overseas adoption”: within the meaning of section 65(2); or

(e)any other adoption recognised by the law of Scotland;

and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.

(2)The definition of adoption order includes, where the context admits, an adoption order which took effect before the commencement of the ^noteChildren Act 1975.

39Status conferred by adoption.#

(1)A child who is the subject of an adoption order shall be treated in law—

(a)where the adopters are a married couple, as if—

(i)he had been born as a^note... child of the marriage (whether or not he was in fact born after the marriage was constituted); and

(ii)subject to subsection (2A) he were not the child of any person other than the adopters;

(b)where the adoption order is made by virtue of section 15(1)(aa) as if—

(i)he had been born as a ^note... child of the marriage between the adopter and the natural parent to whom the adopter is married (whether or not he was in fact born after the marriage was constituted); and

(ii)subject to subsection (2A) he were not the child of any person other than the adopter and that natural parent; and

(c)in any other case, as if—

(i)he had been born as a ^note... child of the adopter; and

(ii)subject to subsection (2A) he were not the child of any person other than the adopter.

(2)Where a child has been adopted by one of his natural parents as sole adoptive parent and the adopter thereafter marries the other natural parent, subsection (1) shall not affect any enactment or rule of law whereby, by virtue of the marriage, the child is rendered the ^note... child of both natural parents.

(2A)Where, in the case of a child adopted under a Convention adoption, the Court of Session is satisfied, on an application under this subsection—

(a)that under the law of the country in which the adoption was effected the adoption is not a full adoption;

(b)that the consents referred to in Article 4(c) and (d) of the Convention have not been given for a full adoption, or that the United Kingdom is not the receiving State (within the meaning of Article 2 of the Convention); and

(c)that it would be more favourable to the child for a direction to be given under this subsection,

the Court may direct that sub-paragraph (ii) of, as the case may be, paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of subsection (1) shall not apply, or shall not apply to such extent as may be specified in the direction: and in this subsection “full adoption” means an adoption by virtue of which the child falls to be treated in law as if he were not the child of any person other than the adopters or adopter.

(3)This section has effect—

(a)in the case of an adoption before 1st January 1976, from that date, and

(b)in the case of any other adoption, from the date of the adoption.

(4)Subject to the provisions of this Part, this section—

(a)applies for the construction of enactments or instruments passed or made before or after the commencement of this Act so far as the context admits; and

(b)does not affect things done or events occurring before the adoption or, where the adoption took place before 1st January 1976, before that date.

(5)This section has effect subject to the provisions of section 44.

40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .#

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41Miscellaneous enactments.#

(1)Section 39 does not apply in determining the forbidden degrees of consanguinity and affinity in respect of the law relating to marriage , to the eligibility of persons to register as civil partners of each other or in respect of the crime of incest, except that, on the making of an adoption order, the adopter and the child shall be deemed, for all time coming, to be within the said forbidden degrees in respect of the law relating to marriage , to such eligibility and to incest.

(2)^note. . . section 39 does not apply for the purposes of any provision of—

(a)the British Nationality Act 1981,

(b)the ^noteImmigration Act 1971,

(c)any instrument having effect under an enactment within paragraph (a) or (b), or

(d)any other law for the time being in force which determines British citizenship, British Dependent Territories citizenship , the status of a British National (Overseas) or British Overseas citizenship.

(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42Pensions.#

Section 39(1) does not affect entitlement to a pension which is payable to or for the benefit of a child and is in payment at the time of his adoption.

43Insurance.#

Where a child is adopted whose natural parent has effected an insurance with a friendly society or a collecting society or an industrial insurance company for the payment on the death of the child of money for funeral expenses, the rights and liabilities under the policy shall by virtue of the adoption be transferred to the adoptive parents who shall for the purposes of the enactments relating to such societies and companies be treated as the person who took out the policy.

44Effect of s. 39 on succession and inter vivos deed.#

Section 39 (status conferred by adoption) does not affect the existing law relating to adopted persons in respect of—

(a)the succession to a deceased person (whether testate or intestate), and

(b)the disposal of property by virtue of any inter vivos deed.

Part V · Registration and Revocation of Adoption Orders and Convention Adoptions

45Adopted Children Register.#

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46Revocation of adoptions on legitimation.#

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47Annulment etc. of overseas adoptions.#

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48Provisions supplementary to ss. 46(2) and 47.#

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Part VI · Miscellaneous and Supplemental

49Adoption of children abroad.#

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50Restriction on removal of children for adoption outside Great Britain.#

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50ARestriction on bringing children into the United Kingdom for adoption#

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51Prohibition on certain payments.#

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51AAdoption allowances schemes.#

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51BTransitional provisions as respects adoption allowances.#

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52Restriction on advertisements.#

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53Effect of determination and orders made in England and Wales and overseas in adoption proceedings.#

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53AEffect of certain orders made in England and Wales#

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53BEffect of placing for adoption etc. under Adoption and Children Act 2002#

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53CFurther consequences of placement and placement orders#

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54Evidence of adoption in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.#

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55Evidence of agreement and consent.#

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56Courts.#

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57Proceedings to be in private.#

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58Curators ad litem and reporting officers.#

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59Rules of procedure.#

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60Orders, rules and regulations.#

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61Offences by bodies corporate.#

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62Service of notices etc.#

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63Nationality.#

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64Internal law of a country.#

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65Interpretation.#

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66Transitional provisions, amendments and repeals.#

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67Short title, commencement and extent.#

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(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

Legitimation (Scotland Act 1968 (c. 22)

(6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 49)

(8). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(9). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(11). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(12). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(13). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(14). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(15). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

Children Act 1975 (c. 72)

(16). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(17). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(18). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

(19). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (repealed)

Schedule 4 · Repeals

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