Contents
- THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on th…
- 1 The Annex to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 is replaced by the…
- 2 This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth da…
- List of final products and specific components considered to be primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Europe’s net-zero technology manufacturing ecosystem and amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724note and in particular Article 46(7) thereof,Whereas:
(1)Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 established a legal framework that strengthens the Union’s resilience and security of supply in the field of net-zero technologies, by enhancing the Union’s capacity for manufacturing, deployment and innovation in that field.
(2)The Annex to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 sets out in a non-exhaustive manner a list of specific components considered to be primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies.
(3)Specific components and specific machinery not included in that list may still fall within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 if the project promoter can provide evidence, for example market studies or off-take agreements, to a national competent authority showing that the specific components or machinery are primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies.
(4)A comprehensive assessment, based on a methodological analysis of the supply chains of the net-zero technologies, has been carried out by the Commission. That assessment took into account in particular the commercial availability of the components, the appropriate level of detail and developments in technology.
(5)To identify specific components considered to be primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies, four criteria were applied in the assessment, namely their specific nature; their commercial availability; the fact that they are always primarily used for that production; and their essential character. As a first step, each of the net-zero technologies and, where necessary, sub-categories were further defined using the criteria listed above and in line with the definitions of those net-zero technologies in Regulation (EU) 2024/1735. As a second step, each sub-category was analysed to identify the components fulfilling the four criteria used. Components fulfilling those criteria were considered as primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies.
(6)An additional column ‘Final products’ should be added in the Annex to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 for explanatory purposes. That additional column allows to put the elements in the list of primarily used components in context and therefore enhances the comprehensibility of the Annex.
(7)Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 should therefore be amended accordingly,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1#
The Annex to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.
Article 2#
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
List of final products and specific components considered to be primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies
| Sub-categories of net-zero technologies | Final products | Components that are primarily used for net-zero technologies | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar technologies | Photovoltaic (PV) technologies | Solar PV systems | PV grade polysiliconPV grade silicon ingots or equivalentPV wafers or equivalentPV cells or equivalentSolar glassPV encapsulantsPV ribbonsPV backsheetsPV connectorsPV junction boxesPV modulesPV invertersPV trackers and their mounting structures |
| Solar thermal electric technologies | Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants | CSP reflectorsCSP trackers and their mounting structuresCSP receivers (point or line) | |
| Solar thermal technologies | Solar thermal systems | Solar thermal collectors (including flat-plate, evacuated tube, concentrating systems and air collectors)Solar thermal absorbersSolar glassSolar thermal trackers and their mounting structures | |
| Other solar technologies | PV-thermal collectors (PVT) | ||
| Onshore wind and offshore renewable technologies | Onshore wind technologies | Onshore wind turbines | Nacelles (assembly)Yaw systemsPitch systemsRotor hubsMain, yaw and pitch bearingsYaw brakesRotor brakesDirect drive drivetrains (including generator) and/or gearbox drivetrains (including generator)Permanent magnets of wind turbinesGearboxes of wind turbinesBladesTowers |
| Offshore wind technologies | Offshore wind turbines | Nacelles (assembly)Yaw systemsPitch systemsRotor hubsMain, yaw and pitch bearingsYaw brakesRotor brakesDirect drive drivetrains (including generator) and/or gearbox drivetrains (including generators)Permanent magnets of wind turbinesGearboxes of wind turbinesBladesTowersFoundations / floaters | |
| Other offshore renewable technologies | Tidal stream energy technologiesWave energy technologies | ||
| Battery and energy storage technologies | Battery technologies | Batteries | Battery packsBattery modulesBattery cellsCathode active materialsAnode active materialsElectrolytesSeparatorsBindersCurrent collectors (including thin copper, aluminium, nickel and carbon foils)Battery management systems (BMS)Battery thermal management systems (BTMS) |
| Electrochemical storage technologies | Ultracapacitors / supercapacitorsRedox flow energy storage | ElectrolytesSeparatorsCollectorsElectrode plates | |
| Gravitational storage technologies | Pumped hydro storage | Reversible hydro turbines and pump runnersDistributors with guide vanesLarge hydro butterfly valvesLarge hydro spherical valvesLarge hydro hollow-jet discharge valves | |
| Thermal energy storage technologies | Thermal energy storage systems | Sensible heat storage and latent heat storage mediums (including phase-change materials and molten salts)Thermochemical storage materials | |
| Compressed / liquefied gas energy storage technologies | Compressed air energy storageLiquid air energy storage | ||
| Other energy storage technologies | Flywheel energy storage | Flywheel rotors | |
| Heat pumps and geothermal energy technologies | Heat pump technologies | Heat pumps | Heat pumpsFour-way valvesScroll compressors / heat pump rotary compressors |
| Geothermal energy technologies | Geothermal power plantsGeothermal direct use systems | Heat exchangers resistant to geothermal corrosive operating conditionsSubmersible pumps resistant to geothermal corrosive operating conditionsBrine re-injection pumps | |
| Hydrogen technologies | Electrolysers | Alkaline electrolysers (AEL) | StacksSeparators (diaphragm or membranes tailored for water electrolysis)Bipolar plates and end platesElectrodesElectrocatalysts optimised for electrolysersFrames and casing for electrolyser stacks assemblyGaskets / sealants |
| Proton exchange membrane electrolysers (PEMEL) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer) / catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers / gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end platesElectrocatalysts optimised for electrolysersFrames and casing for electrolyser stacks assemblyGaskets / sealants | ||
| Anion exchange membrane electrolysers (AEMEL) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer) / catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers / gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end platesElectrocatalysts optimised for electrolysersGaskets / sealantsFrames and casing necessary for electrolyser stacks assembly | ||
| Solid-oxide electrolysers (SOEL) | StacksElectrolytes and electrodesHigh-temperature gaskets / sealingsInterconnectors /meshes and end platesElectrocatalysts optimised for electrolysersContact layersFrames and casing necessary for electrolyser stacks assembly | ||
| Hydrogen fuel cells | Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer) / catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers / gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end platesGaskets / sealantsElectrocatalysts optimised for fuel cellsFrames and casing necessary for fuel cell stacks assembly | |
| Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) | StacksElectrolytes and electrodesHigh-temperature gaskets / sealantsInterconnectors /meshes and end platesContact layersElectrocatalysts optimised for fuel cellsFrames and casing necessary for fuel cell stacks assembly | ||
| Other hydrogen technologies | Hydrogen transmission and distribution networks | Hydrogen compressorsHydrogen refuelling stationsPipelines for hydrogen transmission and distributionHydrogen sensorsHydrogen valves | |
| Hydrogen storage facilities | Onboard hydrogen storage tanksHydrogen on-tank valvesHydrogen stationary storage tanks | ||
| Plants for the conversion and extraction of hydrogen into and from ammonia | Ammonia crackers | ||
| Sustainable biogas and biomethane technologies | Sustainable biogas technologies | Sustainable biogas plants | Anaerobic digesters / fermentation tanksEnzymes and microorganisms for sustainable biogas productionCatalysts for sustainable biogas production |
| Sustainable biomethane technologies | Sustainable biomethane plants | Anaerobic digesters / fermentation tanksEnzymes and microorganisms for sustainable biomethane productionBiomethane upgrading unitsCatalysts for sustainable biomethane production | |
| CCS technologies | Carbon capture technologies | Absorption captureAdsorption captureMembranes captureSolid cycles captureCryogenics captureDirect air capture | Solvents optimised for carbon captureSorbents optimised for carbon captureCO2 compressors |
| Carbon storage technologies | |||
| Electricity grid technologies | Electricity grid technologies | Onshore substationsOffshore substations | Cables and lines for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC)SwitchgearsCircuit breakersProtection relaysPower transformersDisconnectorsInsulatorsSurge arrestorsCapacitorsReactorsBusbar systemsElectric cabinetsOffshore substationsInvertersConverters |
| Electricity transmission and distribution towers | Electricity transmission and distribution towersElectrical conductors (including advanced conductors and high-temperature superconductors)InsulatorsSurge arrestorsBusbar systems | ||
| Cables, lines, and associated accessories, for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC) | Cables and lines for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC)Cable accessories, including cable joints, cable terminations and connectorsElectrical conductors (including advanced conductors and high-temperature superconductors)Insulators | ||
| Power transformers | Power transformersTransformer coresTransformer windingsTransformer tap changers | ||
| Electric charging technologies for transport | Electric vehicle supply equipmentElectric road systemsShore-side electricity supply equipmentOverhead contact linesElectric air transport supply equipment | Electric vehicle supply equipmentElectric vehicle charging connectorsShore-side electricity supply equipmentElectric air transport supply equipmentElectric air transport charging connectors | |
| Technologies to digitalise the grid and other electricity grid technologies | High- and medium-voltage power electronics equipment and components (including DC technology)Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) technologiesSmart meters / advanced metering and control infrastructures | High- and medium-voltage power electronics equipment and components (including DC technology)Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) technologiesSubstation automation systemsSmart meters / advanced metering and control infrastructures | |
| Nuclear fission energy technologies | Nuclear fission energy technologies | Nuclear fission power plants | Control rods and other neutron poison systemsCore catcherControl rod drive mechanismsFuel elementsReactor vesselsReactor internalsCoolant/moderator and related purification systemsPressurisersReactor coolant pumps / gas circulatorsPrimary piping and valvesSteam turbinesSteam generatorsNuclear heat exchangersSecondary system componentsSafety systemsMonitoring, instrumentation and control systemsRefuelling machinesNuclear measurement and detection systemsOther components subject to the nuclear safety codes and standards |
| Nuclear fuel cycle technologies | Nuclear fuel cycles | CentrifugesGas handling and flow control systemsChemical processing equipmentWaste vitrification equipmentTransportation, storage and disposal cylinders, containers and casksHeavy waterSafety systemsMonitoring, instrumentation and control systemsOther components subject to the nuclear safety codes and standards | |
| Sustainable alternative fuels technologies | Sustainable alternative fuels technologies | Sustainable alternative fuels plants | Catalysts for sustainable alternative fuels productionEnzymes and microorganisms for sustainable alternative fuels productionThermochemical, electrochemical, chemical, and biochemical / biological reactors to convert biomass, recycled carbon fuels into bio-intermediates and/or syngasReactors and post-treatment units to convert bio-intermediates and/or syngas and recycled carbon fuels into sustainable alternative fuels |
| Hydropower technologies | Hydropower technologies | Hydro turbine systems | Hydro turbine runnersDistributor with guide vanesLarge hydro butterfly valvesLarge hydrospherical valvesLarge hydro hollow-jet discharge valves |
| Other renewable energy technologies | Osmotic energy technologies | ||
| Ambient energy technologies (other than heat pumps) | |||
| Biomass technologies | Pellet millsBriquetting presses | Pellet diesBriquetting compaction chambers | |
| Landfill gas technologies | |||
| Sewage treatment plant gas technologies | |||
| Other renewable energy technologies | |||
| Energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | Energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | Energy management systems (EMS)Building automation systems (BAS)Automated demand response (ADR)Variable speed drivesOrganic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems | EMSBASADRVariable speed drivesORC turbines |
| Heat and cold grid technologies | Heating and cooling distribution system pipework | Pipe fitters and couplers | |
| Other energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | |||
| Renewable fuels of non-biological origin | Renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) technologies | RFNBO plants | Reactors to convert H2 and CO2 or N2 into syngas or alcoholsReactors to convert syngas or alcohols into RFNBOCatalysts, enzymes and microorganisms for RFNBO production |
| Biotech climate and energy solutions | Biotech climate and energy solutions | Microorganisms and microbial strains (including but not limited to bacteria, yeasts, microalgae, fungi, and archaea) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, recycled carbon fuels and renewable fuels, bio-based and recycled carbon chemicals, biopolymers bio-based materials and bio-based productsEnzymes (including but not limited to amylase and cellulase) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bio-based materials and bio-based products, or that are used to catalyse reactions in chemical processesBiopolymers | Microorganisms and microbial strains (including but not limited to bacteria, yeasts, microalgae, fungi, and archaea) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, recycled carbon fuels and renewable fuels, bio-based and recycled carbon chemicals, biopolymers bio-based materials and bio-based productsEnzymes (including but not limited to amylase and cellulase) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bio-based materials and bio-based products, or that are used to catalyse reactions in chemical processesBiopolymers |
| Transformative industrial technologies for decarbonisation | Transformative industrial technologies for decarbonisation | Electric arc furnacesHydrogen-ready direct-reduced iron reactorsSubmerged arc furnacesOpen slag bath furnacesFlash calcinersIndustrial electric boilersIndustrial induction heaters / furnacesIndustrial infrared heaters / furnacesIndustrial microwave heaters / furnacesIndustrial radio-wave heaters / furnacesIndustrial resistive heaters / furnaces | Graphite or carbon electrodes for electric furnacesFlash calcinersIndustrial electric boilersIndustrial induction heaters / furnacesIndustrial induction coilsIndustrial infrared heaters / furnacesIndustrial infrared emittersIndustrial microwave heaters / furnacesIndustrial magnetronsIndustrial radio-wave heaters / furnacesRadio frequency generatorsIndustrial resistive heaters / furnacesMolybdenum electrodes for electric furnaces |
| CO2 transport and utilisation technologies | CO2 transport technologies | CO2 transport infrastructure | CO2 compressors |
| CO2 utilisation technologies | Thermochemical utilisationElectrochemical utilisation | Catalysts tailored for CO2 conversion processesCO2 electrolysers | |
| Wind and electric propulsion technologies for transport | Wind propulsion technologies | Flettner rotorsSuction wing sailsTowing kitesRigid and semi-rigid wing sails | |
| Electric propulsion technologies | Electric propulsion systems for road and off-road transportElectric propulsion systems for rail transportElectric propulsion systems for waterborne transportElectric propulsion systems for air transport | Transport propulsion electric motorsPermanent magnets of transport electric motorsTransport battery packsTransport fuel cellsTransport invertersElectric propulsion high voltage power distribution unitsOnboard chargersCharge portsOnboard hydrogen storages tanksCurrent collectors (including pantographs) | |
| Other nuclear technologies | Other nuclear technologies (such as nuclear fusion technologies) |
Source: EUR-Lex, © European Union, 1998-2026. Reuse authorised under Decision 2011/833/EU.