Contents
- THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on th…
- 1 The list of net-zero technology final products and their m…
- 2 This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth da…
- List of net-zero technology final products and their main specific components for the purposes of assessing the contribution to resilience
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735note of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Europe’s net-zero technology manufacturing ecosystem and amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1724, and in particular Article 29(2), first subparagraph, thereof,Whereas:
(1)Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 establishes a common legal framework aimed at strengthening the Union’s resilience and security of supply of net-zero technologies, by promoting diversification of their supply chains and enhancing the domestic manufacturing capacity of net-zero technologies.
(2)In accordance with Articles 25, 26 and 28 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1735, where there is evidence of a significant dependency on third countries with regard to the Union’s supply of net-zero technologies, non-price criteria, such as the contribution to resilience, are to be applied in public procurement, renewable energy auctions or other forms of public intervention. For the purposes of assessing the contribution to resilience, the Commission is to adopt an implementing act providing a list of the net-zero technology final products and their main specific components. The list serves to assess the contribution to resilience.
(3)The Annex to Regulation (EU) 2024/1735 includes a list of net-zero technology final products and specific components primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies.
(4)The main specific components included in the list provided in the Annex to this Regulation should include only those specific components primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies that are essential to ensure the Union’s resilience, in line with the provisions on access to markets set out in Articles 25 to 28 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1735.
(5)Specific components primarily used for the production of net-zero technologies should be considered as essential to ensure the effective implementation of the resilience contribution in public procurement, renewable energy auctions and other forms of public intervention if they contribute significantly to the final product’s value, or if they are critical in supporting the resilience of the overall supply chain.
(6)In order to give Member States sufficient time to prepare for the requirements relating to the resilience contribution, the application of this Regulation should be deferred.
(7)In accordance with Article 29(2), second subparagraph, of Regulation (EU) 2024/1735, the Commission is to provide updated information on the shares of the Union supply originating in different third countries for net-zero technologies and their main specific components.
(8)The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the committee established by Article 45(1) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1735,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1#
The list of net-zero technology final products and their main specific components to assess the contribution to resilience is set out in the Annex.
Article 2#
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.It shall apply from 30 December 2025.
List of net-zero technology final products and their main specific components for the purposes of assessing the contribution to resilience
| Sub-categories of net-zero technologies | Final products | Main specific components | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar technologies | Photovoltaic (PV) technologies | Solar PV systems | PV grade polysiliconPV grade silicon ingots or equivalentPV wafers or equivalentPV cells or equivalentSolar glassPV modulesPV invertersPV trackers and their specific mounting structures |
| Solar thermal electric technologies | Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants | CSP reflectorsCSP trackers and their specific mounting structuresCSP receivers (point or line) | |
| Solar thermal technologies | Solar thermal systems | Solar thermal collectors (including flat-plate, evacuated tube, concentrating systems and air collectors)Solar thermal absorbersSolar glassSolar thermal trackers and their specific mounting structures | |
| Other solar technologies | PV-thermal collectors (PVT) | ||
| Onshore wind and offshore renewable technologies | Onshore wind technologies | Onshore wind turbines | Nacelles (assembly)Rotor hubsMain, yaw and pitch bearingsDirect drive drivetrains (including generator) and/or gearbox drivetrains (including generator)Permanent magnets of wind turbinesGearboxes of wind turbinesBladesTowers |
| Offshore wind technologies | Offshore wind turbines | Nacelles (assembly)Rotor hubsMain, yaw and pitch bearingsDirect drive drivetrains (including generator) and/or gearbox drivetrains (including generator)Permanent magnets of wind turbinesGearboxes of wind turbinesBladesTowersFoundations/floaters | |
| Other offshore renewable technologies | Tidal stream energy technologiesWave energy technologies | ||
| Battery and energy storage technologies | Battery technologies | Batteries | Battery packsBattery modulesBattery cellsCathode active materialsAnode active materialsElectrolytesSeparatorsCurrent collectors (including thin copper, aluminium, nickel and carbon foils)Battery management systems (BMS)Battery thermal management systems (BTMS) |
| Electrochemical storage technologies | Ultracapacitors/supercapacitorsRedox flow energy storage | ElectrolytesSeparatorsCollectorsElectrode plates | |
| Gravitational storage technologies | Pumped hydro storage | Reversible hydro turbines and pump runnersDistributors with guide vanes | |
| Thermal energy storage technologies | Thermal energy storage systems | Sensible heat storage and latent heat storage mediums (including phase change materials and molten salts)Thermochemical storage materials | |
| Compressed/liquefied gas energy storage technologies | Compressed air energy storageLiquid air energy storage | ||
| Other energy storage technologies | Flywheel energy storage | Flywheel rotors | |
| Heat pumps and geothermal energy technologies | Heat pump technologies | Heat pumps | Heat pumpsFour-way valvesScroll compressors/heat pump rotary compressors |
| Geothermal energy technologies | Geothermal power plantsGeothermal direct use systems | Heat exchangers resistant to geothermal corrosive operating conditionsSubmersible pumps resistant to geothermal corrosive operating conditions | |
| Hydrogen technologies | Electrolysers | Alkaline electrolysers (AEL) | StacksSeparators (diaphragm or membranes tailored for water electrolysis)Bipolar plates and end platesElectrodes |
| Proton exchange membrane electrolysers (PEMEL) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer)/catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers/gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end plates | ||
| Anion exchange membrane electrolysers (AEMEL) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer)/catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers/gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end plates | ||
| Solid-oxide electrolysers (SOEL) | StacksElectrolyte and electrodesHigh-temperature gaskets/sealingsInterconnectors/meshes and end plates | ||
| Hydrogen fuel cells | Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) | StacksMembrane electrode assemblies (3-layer)/catalyst-coated membranesPorous transport layers/gas diffusion layersBipolar plates and end plates | |
| Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) | StacksElectrolytes and electrodesHigh-temperature gaskets/sealantsInterconnectors/meshes and end plates | ||
| Other hydrogen technologies | Hydrogen transmission and distribution networks | Hydrogen compressorsHydrogen refuelling stationsPipelines for hydrogen transmission and distribution | |
| Hydrogen storage facilities | Onboard hydrogen storage tanksHydrogen stationary storage tanks | ||
| Plants for the conversion and extraction of hydrogen into and from ammonia | Ammonia crackers | ||
| Sustainable biogas and biomethane technologies | Sustainable biogas technologies | Sustainable biogas plants | Anaerobic digesters/fermentation tanks |
| Sustainable biomethane technologies | Sustainable biomethane plants | Anaerobic digesters/fermentation tanksBiomethane upgrading units | |
| CCS technologies | Carbon capture technologies | Absorption captureAdsorption captureMembranes captureSolid cycles captureCryogenics captureDirect air capture | CO2 compressors |
| Carbon storage technologies | |||
| Electricity grid technologies | Electricity grid technologies | Onshore substationsOffshore substations | Cables and lines for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC)SwitchgearsCircuit breakersProtection relaysPower transformersDisconnectorsBusbar systemsElectric cabinetsOffshore substationsInvertersConverters |
| Electricity transmission and distribution towers | Electricity transmission and distribution towersElectrical conductors (including advanced conductors and high-temperature superconductors)Insulators | ||
| Cables, lines and associated accessories for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC) | Cables and lines for electricity transmission and distribution, and cables connecting net-zero technologies to the electricity grid (overhead lines, underground and undersea cables, including HVDC and HVAC)Electrical conductors (including advanced conductors and high-temperature superconductors)Insulators | ||
| Power transformers | Power transformersTransformer coresTransformer windingsTransformer tap changers | ||
| Electric charging technologies for transport | Electric vehicle supply equipmentElectric road systemsShore-side electricity supply equipmentOverhead contact linesElectric air transport supply equipment | Electric vehicle supply equipmentShore-side electricity supply equipmentElectric air transport supply equipment | |
| Technologies to digitalise the grid and other electricity grid technologies | High- and medium-voltage power electronics equipment and components (including DC technology)Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) technologiesSmart meters/advanced metering and control infrastructures | High- and medium-voltage power electronics equipment and components (including DC technology)Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) technologiesSmart meters/advanced metering and control infrastructures | |
| Nuclear fission energy technologies | Nuclear fission energy technologies | Nuclear fission power plants | Fuel elementsReactor vesselsPrimary piping and valvesSteam turbinesSteam generatorsSafety systemsMonitoring, instrumentation and control systems |
| Nuclear fuel cycle technologies | Nuclear fuel cycles | CentrifugesGas handling and flow control systemsChemical processing equipmentWaste vitrification equipmentTransportation, storage and disposal cylinders, containers and casksHeavy waterSafety systemsMonitoring, instrumentation and control systems | |
| Sustainable alternative fuels technologies | Sustainable alternative fuels technologies | Sustainable alternative fuels plants | Thermochemical, electrochemical, chemical and biochemical/biological reactors to convert biomass, recycled carbon fuels into bio-intermediates and/or syngasReactors and post-treatment units to convert bio-intermediates and/or syngas and recycled carbon fuels into sustainable alternative fuels |
| Hydropower technologies | Hydropower technologies | Hydro turbine systems | Hydro turbine runnersDistributors with guide vanes |
| Other renewable energy technologies | Osmotic energy technologies | ||
| Ambient energy technologies, other than heat pumps | |||
| Biomass technologies | Pellet millsBriquetting presses | Pellet diesBriquetting compaction chambers | |
| Landfill gas technologies | |||
| Sewage treatment plant gas technologies | |||
| Other renewable energy technologies | |||
| Energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | Energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | Energy management systems (EMS)Building automation systems (BAS)Automated demand response (ADR)Variable speed drivesOrganic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems | EMSBASADRVariable speed drivesORC turbines |
| Heat and cold grid technologies | Heating and cooling distribution system pipework | ||
| Other energy system-related energy efficiency technologies | |||
| Renewable fuels of non-biological origin | Renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) technologies | RFNBO plants | Reactors to convert H2 and CO2 or N2 into syngas or alcoholsReactors to convert syngas or alcohols into RFNBOs |
| Biotech climate and energy solutions | Biotech climate and energy solutions | Microorganisms and microbial strains (including but not limited to bacteria, yeasts, microalgae, fungi and archaea) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, recycled carbon fuels and renewable fuels, bio-based and recycled carbon chemicals, biopolymers, bio-based materials and bio-based productsEnzymes (including but not limited to amylase and cellulase) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bio-based materials and bio-based products, or that are used to catalyse reactions in chemical processesBiopolymers | Microorganisms and microbial strains (including but not limited to bacteria, yeasts, microalgae, fungi and archaea) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, recycled carbon fuels and renewable fuels, bio-based and recycled carbon chemicals, biopolymers, bio-based materials and bio-based productsEnzymes (including but not limited to amylase and cellulase) that are used to pretreat and convert feedstock into biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bio-based materials and bio-based products, or that are used to catalyse reactions in chemical processesBiopolymers |
| Transformative industrial technologies for decarbonisation | Transformative industrial technologies for decarbonisation | Electric arc furnacesHydrogen-ready direct-reduced iron reactorsSubmerged arc furnacesOpen slag bath furnacesFlash calcinersIndustrial electric boilersIndustrial induction heaters/furnacesIndustrial infrared heaters/furnacesIndustrial microwave heaters/furnacesIndustrial radio-wave heaters/furnacesIndustrial resistive heaters/furnaces | Graphite or carbon electrodes for electric furnacesFlash calcinersIndustrial electric boilersIndustrial induction heaters/furnacesIndustrial induction coilsIndustrial infrared heaters/furnacesIndustrial infrared emittersIndustrial microwave heaters/furnacesIndustrial magnetronsIndustrial radio-wave heaters/furnacesRadio frequency generatorsIndustrial resistive heaters/furnacesMolybdenum electrodes for electric furnaces |
| CO2 transport and utilisation technologies | CO2 transport technologies | CO2 transport infrastructure | CO2 compressors |
| CO2 utilisation technologies | Thermochemical utilisationElectrochemical utilisation | CO2 electrolysers | |
| Wind and electric propulsion technologies for transport | Wind propulsion technologies | Flettner rotorsSuction wing sailsTowing kitesRigid and semi-rigid wing sails | |
| Electric propulsion technologies | Electric propulsion systems for road and off-road transportElectric propulsion systems for rail transportElectric propulsion systems for waterborne transportElectric propulsion systems for air transport | Transport propulsion electric motorsPermanent magnets of transport electric motorsTransport battery packsTransport fuel cellsTransport invertersElectric propulsion high voltage power distribution unitsOnboard chargersOnboard hydrogen storage tanks | |
| Other nuclear technologies | Other nuclear technologies (such as nuclear fusion technologies) |
Source: EUR-Lex, © European Union, 1998-2026. Reuse authorised under Decision 2011/833/EU.