- accreditation
means accreditation as defined in Article 2, point (10), of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008;
- active material
means a material which reacts chemically to produce electric energy when the battery cell discharges or to store electric energy when the battery is being charged;
- activity data
means the information associated with processes while modelling Life Cycle Inventories (LCI), whereby the aggregated LCI results of the process chains that represent the activities of a process are each multiplied by the corresponding activity data and then combined to derive the carbon footprint associated with that process;
- appliance
means any electrical or electronic equipment, as defined in Article 3(1), point (a), of Directive 2012/19/EU, which is fully or partly powered by a battery or is capable of being so;
- authorised representative
means any natural or legal person established in the Union who has received a written mandate from a manufacturer to act on its behalf in relation to specified tasks with regard to the manufacturer’s obligations under Chapters IV and VI;
- authorised representative for extended producer responsibility
means a natural or legal person established in a Member State in which the producer places batteries on the market and which is different from the Member State where the producer is established, and is appointed by the producer in accordance with Article 8a(5), third subparagraph, of Directive 2008/98/EC to fulfil the obligations of that producer under Chapter VIII of this Regulation;
- battery
means any device delivering electrical energy generated by direct conversion of chemical energy, having internal or external storage, and consisting of one or more non-rechargeable or rechargeable battery cells, modules or of packs of them, and includes a battery that has been subject to preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing;
- battery cell
means the basic functional unit in a battery, composed of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals and, if applicable, separators, and containing the active materials the reaction of which generates electrical energy;
- battery due diligence
means the obligations of an economic operator in relation to its management system, risk management, third-party verifications and surveillance by notified bodies and disclosure of information, for the purpose of identifying, preventing and addressing actual and potential social and environmental risks linked to the sourcing, processing and trading of the raw materials and secondary raw materials required for battery manufacturing, including by suppliers in the chain and their subsidiaries or subcontractors;
- battery management system
means an electronic device that controls or manages the electric and thermal functions of a battery in order to ensure the battery’s safety, performance and service life, manages and stores the data for the parameters for determining the battery’s state of health and expected lifetime set out in Annex VII and communicates with the vehicle, light means of transport or appliance in which the battery is incorporated, or with a public or private charging infrastructure;
- battery manufacturing waste
means the materials or objects rejected during the battery manufacturing process, which cannot be re-used as an integral part in the same process and need to be recycled;
- battery model
means a version of a battery all units of which share the same technical characteristics relevant for the requirements of this Regulation on sustainability, safety, labelling, marking and information, and the same model identifier;
- battery module
means any set of battery cells that are connected together or encapsulated within an outer casing to protect the cells against external impact, and which is meant to be used either alone or in combination with other modules;
- battery pack
means any set of battery cells or modules that are connected together or encapsulated within an outer casing, to form a complete unit which is not meant to be split up or opened by the end-user;
- battery presenting a risk
means a battery which has the potential to have adverse effects on human health or the safety of persons, on property or the environment to a degree which goes beyond that considered reasonable and acceptable in relation to the battery’s intended purpose or under the normal or reasonably foreseeable conditions of use of the battery concerned, including the duration of use, and, where applicable, to its putting into service, installation and maintenance requirements;
- battery with external storage
means a battery that is specifically designed to have its energy stored exclusively in one or more attached external devices;
- bill of materials
means a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components and parts, and the quantities of each, needed to manufacture the battery;
- Capacity fade
means the decrease over time and upon usage in the amount of charge that a battery can deliver at the rated voltage, with respect to the original rated capacity.
- carbon footprint
means the sum of greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse gas removals in a product system, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents and based on a Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) study using the single impact category of climate change;
- company-specific data
means data that are directly measured or collected from one or multiple facilities (site-specific data) that are representative of the activities of the company, such data are also known as ‘primary data’;
- conflict-affected and high-risk areas
means conflict-affected and high-risk areas as defined in Article 2, point (f), of Regulation (EU) 2017/821;
- conformity assessment
means the process demonstrating whether the sustainability, safety, labelling, information and due diligence requirements of this Regulation have been fulfilled;
- conformity assessment body
means a body that performs conformity assessment activities including calibration, testing, certification and inspection;
- distance contracts
means distance contracts as defined in Article 2, point (7), of Directive 2011/83/EU;
- distributor
means any natural or legal person in the supply chain, other than the manufacturer or the importer, who makes a battery available on the market;
- economic operator
means the manufacturer, the authorised representative, the importer, the distributor or the fulfilment service provider or any other natural or legal person who is subject to obligations in relation to the manufacture, preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing of batteries, the making available or the placing of batteries on the market, including online, or the putting of batteries into service in accordance with this Regulation;
- electric vehicle battery
means a battery that is specifically designed to provide electric power for traction in hybrid or electric vehicles of category L as provided for in Regulation (EU) No 168/2013, that weighs more than 25 kg, or a battery that is specifically designed to provide electric power for traction in hybrid or electric vehicles of categories M, N or O as provided for in Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
- Energy round trip efficiency
means the ratio of the net energy delivered by a battery during a discharge test to the total energy required to restore the initial state of charge by a standard charge.
- functional unit
means the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the functions, services, or both, provided by the battery;
- harmonised standard
means a standard as defined in Article 2, point (1)(c), of Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012;
- hazardous substance
means a substance classified as hazardous pursuant to Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008;
- importer
means any natural or legal person established within the Union who places on the market a battery from a third country;
- independent operator
means a natural or legal person who is independent from the manufacturer and the producer and is directly or indirectly involved in the repair, maintenance or repurposing of batteries, and includes waste management operators, repairers, manufacturers or distributors of repair equipment, tools or spare parts, as well as publishers of technical information, operators offering inspection and testing services, operators offering training for installers, manufacturers and repairers of equipment for alternative-fuel vehicles;
- industrial battery
means a battery that is specifically designed for industrial uses, intended for industrial uses after having been subject to preparation for repurposing or repurposing, or any other battery that weighs more than 5 kg and that is neither an electric vehicle battery, an LMT battery, nor an SLI battery;
- Internal resistance
means the opposition to the flow of current within a cell or a battery under reference conditions, that is, the sum of electronic resistance and ionic resistance to the contribution to total effective resistance including inductive/capacitive properties.
- life cycle
means the consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to final disposal (ISO 14040:2006 or an equivalent standard);
- life cycle inventory (LCI)
means the combined set of exchanges of elementary, waste and product flows in an LCI dataset;
- life cycle inventory (LCI) dataset
means a document or file with life cycle information on a specified product or other reference, such as the site or process, covering descriptive metadata and quantitative life cycle inventory, which could include a unit process dataset, partially aggregated or an aggregated dataset;
- lifetime of a battery
means the period that starts when the battery is manufactured and ends when the battery becomes waste;
- making available on the market
means any supply of a battery for distribution or use on the Union market in the course of a commercial activity, whether in return for payment or free of charge;
- manufacturer
means any natural or legal person who manufactures a battery or has a battery designed or manufactured, and markets that battery under its own name or trademark or puts it into service for its own purposes;
- market participant
means a market participant as defined in Article 2, point (25), of Regulation (EU) 2019/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council.
- national accreditation body
means a national accreditation body as defined in Article 2, point (11), of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008;
- national authority
means an approval authority or any other authority involved in and responsible for market surveillance in a Member State in respect of batteries;
- non-rechargeable battery
means a battery that is not designed to be electrically recharged;
- notified body
means a conformity assessment body that has been notified in accordance with Chapter V;
- online platform
means an online platform as defined in Article 3, point (i), of Regulation (EU) 2022/2065;
- parent company
means a company which controls one or more subsidiaries;
- permitted facility
means an establishment or undertaking that is permitted in accordance with Directive 2008/98/EC to carry out the treatment of waste batteries;
- placing on the market
means the first making available of a battery on the Union market;
- portable battery
means a battery that is sealed, weighs 5 kg or less, is not designed specifically for industrial use and is neither an electric vehicle battery, an LMT battery, nor an SLI battery;
- portable battery of general use
means a portable battery, whether or not rechargeable, that is specifically designed to be interoperable and that has one of the following common formats 4,5 Volts (3R12), button cell, D, C, AA, AAA, AAAA, A23, 9 Volts (PP3);
- Power
means the amount of energy that a battery is capable of providing over a given period under reference conditions.
- Power fade
means the decrease over time and upon usage in the amount of power that a battery can deliver at the rated voltage.
- preparation for re-use
means preparing for re-use as defined in Article 3, point (16), of Directive 2008/98/EC;
- preparation for recycling
means the treatment of waste batteries prior to any recycling process, including, inter alia, the storage, handling and dismantling of battery packs or the separation of fractions that are not part of the battery itself;
- preparation for repurposing
means any operation, by which a waste battery, or parts thereof, is prepared so that it can be used for a different purpose or application than that for which it was originally designed;
- producer
means any manufacturer, importer or distributor or other natural or legal person that, irrespective of the selling technique used, including by means of distance contracts, either:
- producer responsibility organisation
means a legal entity that financially or financially and operationally organises the fulfilment of extended producer responsibility obligations on behalf of several producers;
- putting into service
means the first use, for its intended purpose, in the Union, of a battery, without having been previously placed on the market;
- Rated capacity
means the total number of ampere-hours (Ah) that can be withdrawn from a fully charged battery under reference conditions.
- rechargeable battery
means a battery that is designed to be electrically recharged;
- recycler
means any natural or legal person who carries out recycling in a permitted facility;
- recycling efficiency
means the ratio, expressed as a percentage, obtained by dividing the mass of output fractions accounting for recycling by the mass of the waste batteries’ input fraction, in relation to a recycling process;
- reference flow
means the measure of the outputs from processes in a given product system required to fulfil the function expressed by the functional unit (based on ISO 14040:2006 or an equivalent standard);
- remanufacturing
means any technical operation on a used battery that includes the disassembly and evaluation of all its battery cells and modules and the use of a certain number of battery cells and modules that are new, used or recovered from waste, or other battery components, to restore the battery capacity to at least 90 % of the original rated capacity, and where the state of health of all individual battery cells does not differ more than 3 % between cells, and results in the battery being used for the same purpose or application as the one for which the battery was originally designed;
- repurposing
means any operation that results in a battery, that is not a waste battery, or parts thereof being used for a purpose or application other than that for which the battery was originally designed;
- secondary data
means data that are not directly collected or measured from a specific process within the supply-chain of the company or estimated by that company, but that are sourced from a third party LCI database or other sources;
- state of charge
means the available energy in a battery expressed as a percentage of its rated capacity as declared by the manufacturer;
- state of health
means a measure of the general condition of a rechargeable battery and its ability to deliver the specified performance compared with its initial condition;
- stationary battery energy storage system
means an industrial battery with internal storage that is specifically designed to store from and deliver electric energy to the grid or store for and deliver electric energy to end-users, regardless of where and by whom the battery is being used;
- subsidiary
means a legal person through which the activity of a controlled undertaking within the meaning of Article 2(1), point (f), of Directive 2004/109/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council is exercised;
- system boundary
means the aspects included or excluded from the life cycle stages.
- technical specifications
means a document that prescribes technical requirements to be fulfilled by a product, process or service;
- treatment
means any operation carried out on waste batteries after they have been handed over to a facility for sorting, preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, preparation for recycling or for recycling;
- Union harmonisation legislation
means any Union legislation harmonising the conditions for the marketing of products;
- unique identifier
means a unique string of characters for the identification of batteries that also enables a web link to the battery passport;
- voluntary collection point
means any non-profit, commercial or other economic undertaking or public body involved on its own initiative in the separate collection of waste portable batteries and waste LMT batteries, generated by it or by other end-users, before handing those waste batteries over to producers, to producer responsibility organisations or to waste management operators for subsequent treatment;
- waste battery
means any battery which is waste as defined in Article 3, point (1), of Directive 2008/98/EC;
- waste management operator
means any natural or legal person dealing on a professional basis with the separate collection or treatment of waste batteries;