- agricultural plantation
means land with tree stands in agricultural production systems, such as fruit tree plantations, oil palm plantations, olive orchards and agroforestry systems where crops are grown under tree cover;
- agricultural use
means the use of land for the purpose of agriculture, including for agricultural plantations and set-aside agricultural areas, and for rearing livestock;
- authorised representative
means any natural or legal person established in the Union who, in accordance with Article 6, has received a written mandate from an operator to act on its behalf in relation to specified tasks with regard to the operator’s obligations under this Regulation;
- competent authorities
means the authorities designated under Article 14(1);
- country of origin
means a country or territory as referred to in Article 60 of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
- country of production
means the country or territory where the relevant commodity or the relevant commodity used in the production of, or contained in, a relevant product was produced;
- customs authorities
means customs authorities as defined in Article 5, point (1), of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
- customs territory
means territory as defined in Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
- deforestation
means the conversion of forest to agricultural use, whether human-induced or not;
- deforestation-free
means:
- downstream operator
means any natural or legal person who, in the course of a commercial activity, places on the market or exports relevant products made using relevant products, all of which are covered by a due diligence statement or by a simplified declaration;
- establishment
means any premises, structure, or, in the case of open-air farming, any environment or place, where livestock are kept, on a temporary or permanent basis;
- export
means the procedure laid down in Article 269 of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
- forest
means land spanning more than 0,5 hectares with trees higher than 5 metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 %, or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ, excluding land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use;
- forest degradation
means structural changes to forest cover, taking the form of the conversion of:
- geolocation
means the geographical location of a plot of land described by means of latitude and longitude coordinates corresponding to at least one latitude and one longitude point and using at least six decimal digits;
- high risk
refers to countries or parts thereof, for which the assessment referred to in paragraph 3 results in the identification of a high risk of producing in such countries or in parts thereof, relevant commodities for which the relevant products do not comply with Article 3, point (a);
- in the course of a commercial activity
means for the purpose of processing, for distribution to commercial or non-commercial consumers, or for use in the business of the operator, downstream operator or trader itself;
- low risk
refers to countries or parts thereof, for which the assessment referred to in paragraph 3 concludes that there is sufficient assurance that instances of producing in such countries or in parts thereof, relevant commodities for which the relevant products do not comply with Article 3, point (a), are exceptional;
- making available on the market
means any supply of a relevant product for distribution, consumption or use on the Union market in the course of a commercial activity, whether in return for payment or free of charge;
- micro or small primary operator
means an operator who is a natural person or a micro-undertaking or small undertaking, within the meaning of Article 3(1) and Article 3(2), first subparagraph, respectively, of Directive 2013/34/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, irrespective of its legal form, established in a country classified as low risk in accordance with Article 29 of this Regulation, and who, in the course of a commercial activity, places on the market or exports relevant products that this operator itself has grown, harvested, obtained from or raised on relevant plots of land, or, as regards cattle, on establishments located in that country;
- naturally regenerating forest
means forest predominantly composed of trees established through natural regeneration;
- negligible risk
means the level of risk that applies to relevant commodities and relevant products, where, on the basis of a full assessment of product-specific and general information, and, where necessary, of the application of the appropriate mitigation measures, those commodities or products show no cause for concern as being not in compliance with Article 3, point (a) or (b);
- non-compliant products
means relevant products that do not comply with Article 3;
- operator
means any natural or legal person who, in the course of a commercial activity, places relevant products on the market or exports them, excluding downstream operators;
- other wooded land
means land not classified as ‘forest’ spanning more than 0,5 hectares, with trees higher than 5 metres and a canopy cover of 5 to 10 %, or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ, or with a combined cover of shrubs, bushes and trees above 10 %, excluding land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use;
- person
means a natural person, a legal person or any association of persons which is not a legal person, but which is recognised under Union or national law as having the capacity to perform legal acts;
- person established in the Union
means:
- placing on the market
means the first making available of a relevant commodity or relevant product on the Union market;
- plantation forest
means a planted forest that is intensively managed and meets, at planting and stand maturity, all the following criteria: one or two species, even age class, and regular spacing;
- planted forest
means forest predominantly composed of trees established through planting and/or deliberate seeding, provided that the planted or seeded trees are expected to constitute more than 50 % of the growing stock at maturity;
- plot of land
means land within a single real-estate property, as recognised by the law of the country of production, which enjoys sufficiently homogeneous conditions to allow an evaluation of the aggregate level of risk of deforestation and forest degradation associated with relevant commodities produced on that land;
- primary forest
means naturally regenerated forest of native tree species, where there are no clearly visible indications of human activities and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed;
- produced
means grown, harvested, obtained from or raised on relevant plots of land or, as regards cattle, on establishments;
- release for free circulation
means the procedure laid down in Article 201 of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
- relevant commodities
means cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, soya and wood;
- relevant legislation of the country of production
means the laws applicable in the country of production concerning the legal status of the area of production in terms of:
- relevant products
means products listed in Annex I that contain, have been fed with or have been made using relevant commodities;
- relevant products entering the market
means relevant products from third countries placed under the customs procedure ‘release for free circulation’ that are intended to be placed on the Union market and are not intended for private use or consumption within the customs territory of the Union;
- relevant products leaving the market
means relevant products placed under the customs procedure ‘export’;
- standard risk
refers to countries or parts thereof which do not fall in either the category ‘high risk’ or the category ‘low risk’.
- substantiated concern
means a duly reasoned claim based on objective and verifiable information regarding non-compliance with this Regulation and which could require the intervention of competent authorities;
- third country
means a country or territory outside the customs territory of the Union;
- trader
means any person in the supply chain other than the operator or downstream operator who, in the course of a commercial activity, makes relevant products available on the market;