Regulation (EU) 2019/943

means active customer as defined in point (8) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means aggregation as defined in point (18) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means ancillary service as defined in point (48) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a market participant or its chosen representative responsible for its imbalances in the electricity market;

means all actions and processes, in all timelines, through which transmission system operators ensure, in an ongoing manner, maintenance of the system frequency within a predefined stability range and compliance with the amount of reserves needed with respect to the required quality;

means a volume of capacity that a balancing service provider has agreed to hold and in respect to which the balancing service provider has agreed to submit bids for a corresponding volume of balancing energy to the transmission system operator for the duration of the contract;

means energy used by transmission system operators to carry out balancing;

means a market participant providing either or both balancing energy and balancing capacity to transmission system operators;

means the largest geographical area within which market participants are able to exchange energy without capacity allocation;

means the attribution of cross-zonal capacity;

means the geographic area in which the coordinated capacity calculation is applied;

means a measure to ensure the achievement of the necessary level of resource adequacy by remunerating resources for their availability, excluding measures relating to ancillary services or congestion management;

means a scheduling and dispatching model where the generation schedules and consumption schedules as well as dispatching of power-generating facilities and demand facilities, in reference to dispatchable facilities, are determined by a transmission system operator within an integrated scheduling process;

means a situation in which all requests from market participants to trade between network areas cannot be accommodated because they would significantly affect the physical flows on network elements which cannot accommodate those flows;

means a coherent part of the interconnected system, operated by a single system operator and shall include connected physical loads and/or generation units if any;

means a capacity calculation method based on the principle of assessing and defining ex ante a maximum energy exchange between adjacent bidding zones;

means a cross-zonal exchange initiated by system operators between two bidding zones to relieve physical congestion;

means a network element either within a bidding zone or between bidding zones taken into account in the capacity calculation process, limiting the amount of power that can be exchanged;

means a physical flow of electricity on a transmission network of a Member State that results from the impact of the activity of producers, customers, or both, outside that Member State on its transmission network;

means the capability of the interconnected system to accommodate energy transfer between bidding zones;

means a customer as defined in point (1) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a device linked to or embedded in an asset that provides demand response or flexibility services on the electricity market or to system operators;

means an entity to whom specific tasks or obligations entrusted to a transmission system operator or nominated electricity market operator under this Regulation or other Union legal acts have been delegated by that transmission system operator or NEMO or have been assigned by a Member State or regulatory authority;

means demand response as defined in point (20) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a project which demonstrates a technology as a first of its kind in the Union and represents a significant innovation that goes well beyond the state of the art;

means distributed generation as defined in point (32) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means distribution as defined in point (28) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means distribution system operator as defined in point (29) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means electricity markets as defined in point (9) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means electricity supply contract as defined in point (13) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means energy efficiency as defined in point (30) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means energy storage as defined in point (59) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means final customer as defined in point (3) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means the ability of an electricity system to adjust to the variability of generation and consumption patterns and to grid availability, across relevant market timeframes.

means generation as defined in point (37) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a single electricity generator belonging to a production unit;

means cogeneration which meets the criteria laid down in Annex II to Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council;

means household customer as defined in point (4) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means the price, be it positive, zero or negative, in each imbalance settlement period for an imbalance in each direction;

means the area in which an imbalance price is calculated;

means the time unit for which the imbalance of the balance responsible parties is calculated;

means interconnected system as defined in point (40) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a transmission line which crosses or spans a border between Member States and which connects the national transmission systems of the Member States;

means interoperability as defined in point (24) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means an entity that provides a service whereby the offers to sell electricity are matched with bids to buy electricity;

means a natural or legal person who buys, sells or generates electricity, who is engaged in aggregation or who is an operator of demand response or energy storage services, including through the placing of orders to trade, in one or more electricity markets, including in balancing energy markets;

means a market operator designated by the competent authority to carry out tasks related to single day-ahead or single intraday coupling;

means an interconnector not completed by 4 August 2003;

means non-frequency ancillary service as defined in point (49) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means an hour where, on the basis of the forecasts of transmission system operators and, where applicable, NEMOs, the gross electricity consumption or the gross consumption of electricity generated from sources other than renewable sources or the day-ahead wholesale electricity price is expected to be the highest, taking cross-zonal exchanges into account;

means the ability of market participants to reduce electricity consumption from the grid at peak hours at the request of the system operator;

means a market-based product by means of which market participants can provide peak shaving to system operators;

means a facility that converts primary energy into electrical energy and which consists of one or more power-generating modules connected to a network;

means a contract under which a natural or legal person agrees to purchase electricity from an electricity producer on a market basis;

means the process to verify the compliance of a provider of balancing capacity with the requirements set by the transmission system operators;

means, with regard to the self-dispatch model, the dispatch of power plants on the basis of criteria which are different from the economic order of bids and, with regard to the central dispatch model, the dispatch of power plants on the basis of criteria which are different from the economic order of bids and from network constraints, giving priority to the dispatch of particular generation technologies;

means producer as defined in point (38) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a measure, including curtailment, that is activated by one or more transmission system operators or distribution system operators by altering the generation, load pattern, or both, in order to change physical flows in the electricity system and relieve a physical congestion or otherwise ensure system security;

means regional coordination centre established pursuant to Article 35 of this Regulation;

means a non-physical region covering more than one bidding zone for which a reference price is set on the basis of a methodology;

means a regulatory authority designated by each Member State pursuant to Article 57(1) of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means energy from renewable sources as defined in point (31) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means the amount of frequency containment reserves, frequency restoration reserves or replacement reserves that needs to be available to the transmission system operator;

means a scheduling and dispatching model where the generation schedules and consumption schedules as well as dispatching of power-generating facilities and demand facilities are determined by the scheduling agents of those facilities;

means small connected system as defined in point (43) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means small enterprise as defined in point (7) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means small isolated system as defined in point (42) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means smart metering system as defined in point (23) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a balancing product different from a standard balancing product;

means a harmonised balancing product defined by all transmission system operators for the exchange of balancing services;

means congestion in the transmission system that is capable of being unambiguously defined, is predictable, is geographically stable over time, and frequently reoccurs under normal electricity system conditions;

means supply as defined in point (12) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means system user as defined in point (36) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means transmission as defined in point (34) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means transmission system operator as defined in point (35) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means a contract between a power-generating facility operator and a counterpart, usually a public entity, that provides both minimum remuneration protection and a limit to excess remuneration;

means an estimation in euro/MWh, of the maximum electricity price that customers are willing to pay to avoid an outage;

means a wholesale customer as defined in point (2) of Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2019/944;

means wholesale energy market as defined in point (6) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council;