- advanced driver distraction warning
means a system that helps the driver to continue to pay attention to the traffic situation and that warns the driver when he or she is distracted;
- advanced emergency braking system
means a system which can automatically detect a potential collision and activate the vehicle braking system to decelerate the vehicle with the purpose of avoiding or mitigating a collision;
- alcohol interlock installation facilitation
means a standardised interface that facilitates the fitting of aftermarket alcohol interlock devices in motor vehicles;
- automated vehicle
means a motor vehicle designed and constructed to move autonomously for certain periods of time without continuous driver supervision but in respect of which driver intervention is still expected or required;
- bumper
means any front, lower, outer structures of a vehicle, including attachments thereto, which are intended to give protection to a vehicle when involved in a low speed frontal collision with another vehicle;
- driver availability monitoring system
means a system to assess whether the driver is in a position to take over the driving function from an automated vehicle in particular situations, where appropriate;
- driver drowsiness and attention warning
means a system that assesses the driver’s alertness through vehicle systems analysis and warns the driver if needed;
- emergency lane-keeping system
means a system that assists the driver in keeping a safe position of the vehicle with respect to the lane or road boundary, at least when a lane departure occurs or is about to occur and a collision might be imminent;
- emergency stop signal
means a light-signalling function to indicate to other road users to the rear of the vehicle that a high retardation force is being applied to the vehicle relative to the prevailing road conditions;
- event data recorder
means a system with the only purpose of recording and storing critical crash-related parameters and information shortly before, during and immediately after a collision;
- frontal protection system
means a separate structure or structures, such as a bull bar, or a supplementary bumper which, in addition to the original‐equipment bumper, is intended to protect the external surface of the vehicle from damage in the event of a collision with an object, with the exception of structures having a mass of less than 0,5 kg, intended to protect only the vehicle’s lights;
- fully automated vehicle
means a motor vehicle that has been designed and constructed to move autonomously without any driver supervision;
- hydrogen component
means hydrogen containers and all other parts of hydrogen‐powered vehicles that are in direct contact with hydrogen or which form part of a hydrogen system;
- hydrogen container
means the component within the hydrogen system that stores the primary volume of hydrogen fuel;
- hydrogen system
means an assembly of hydrogen components and connecting parts fitted on a hydrogen-powered vehicle, excluding the hydrogen-powered propulsion system or the auxiliary power unit;
- hydrogen-powered propulsion system
means the energy converter used to propel the vehicle;
- hydrogen-powered vehicle
means any motor vehicle that uses hydrogen as fuel to propel the vehicle;
- intelligent speed assistance
means a system to aid the driver in maintaining the appropriate speed for the road environment by providing dedicated and appropriate feedback;
- lane departure warning system
means a system to warn the driver that the vehicle is drifting out of its travel lane;
- maximum mass
means the technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer;
- reversing detection
means a system to make the driver aware of people and objects at the rear of the vehicle with the primary aim of avoiding collisions when reversing;
- tyre pressure monitoring system
means a system fitted on a vehicle which can evaluate the pressure of the tyres or the variation of pressure over time and transmit corresponding information to the user while the vehicle is running;
- vehicle master control switch
means the device by which the vehicle’s on-board electronics system is brought, from being switched off, as in the case where a vehicle is parked without the driver being present, to normal operation mode;
- vehicle platooning
means the linking of two or more vehicles in a convoy using connectivity technology and automated driving support systems which allow the vehicles to maintain automatically a set, close distance between each other when connected for certain parts of a journey and to adapt to changes in the movement of the lead vehicle with little to no action from the drivers;
- vulnerable road user
means non-motorised road users, including, in particular, cyclists and pedestrians, as well as users of powered two-wheelers;