Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011

means the vehicle or engine operation (speed, load, power) to be executed during the service accumulation period;

(hereinafter ‘AES’) means an emission strategy that becomes active and replaces or modifies a base emission strategy for a specific purpose and in response to a specific set of ambient and/or operating conditions and only remains operational as long as those conditions exist;

means the average Gas Energy Ratio calculated over a driving cycle;

(hereinafter ‘BES’) means an emission strategy that is active throughout the speed and load operating range of the engine unless an AES is activated;

means a system, as defined in Article 3(23) of Directive 2007/46/EC, carried over from an old type of vehicle to a new type of vehicles;

means the regeneration process of an exhaust after-treatment system that occurs either permanently or at least once per World Harmonized Transient Driving Cycle (hereinafter ‘WHTC’) hot start test;

means the following components which are designed primarily for emission control: any exhaust after-treatment system, the ECU and its associated sensors and actuators, and the exhaust gas recirculation (hereinafter ‘EGR’) system including all related filters, coolers, control valves and tubing;

means the maintenance to be performed on critical emission-related components;

means any change to a vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit made at the specific request of a customer and subject to approval;

means a selective catalytic reduction (hereinafter ‘SCR’) system, NOx adsorber, passive or active lean NOx catalyst or any other exhaust after-treatment system designed to reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx);

(hereinafter ‘DTC’) means a numeric or alphanumeric identifier which identifies or labels a malfunction;

means the normal operating mode of a dual-fuel engine during which the engine does not use any gaseous fuel for any engine operating condition;

means a sequence consisting of an engine start, an operating period (of the vehicle), an engine shut-off, and the time until the next engine start;

means an engine system that is designed to simultaneously operate with diesel fuel and a gaseous fuel, both fuels being metered separately, where the consumed amount of one of the fuels relative to the other one may vary depending on the operation;

means the normal operating mode of a dual-fuel engine during which the engine simultaneously uses diesel fuel and a gaseous fuel at some engine operating conditions;

means a vehicle that is powered by a dual-fuel engine and that supplies the fuels used by the engine from separate on-board storage systems;

means the engine system electronic control unit;

means the maintenance which substantially affects emissions or which is likely to affect emissions deterioration of the vehicle or the engine during normal in-use operation;

means monitoring of a malfunction that leads to an excess of the OBD threshold limits (OTLs) and which consists of either or both of the following:

means a manufacturer’s grouping of engines that comply with the definition of engine family, but which are further grouped into engines utilising a similar exhaust after-treatment system;

means a manufacturers grouping of engines which, through their design as defined in Section 6 of Annex I, have similar exhaust emission characteristics;

means the engine, the emission control system and the communication interface (hardware and messages) between the engine system electronic control unit or units (hereinafter ‘ECU’) and any other powertrain or vehicle control unit;

means a category of engines which do not differ in essential engine characteristics as set out in Appendix 4 to Annex I;

means a catalyst (oxidation, 3-way or any other), particulate filter, deNOx system, combined deNOx particulate filter, or any other emission reducing device, that is installed downstream of the engine;

means in case of a dual-fuel engine, the energy content of the gaseous fuel divided by the energy content of both fuels (diesel and gaseous), expressed as a percentage, the energy content of the fuels being defined as the lower heating value;

means a counter indicating the number of times a vehicle has been operated, taking into account general conditions;

means, for the purpose of assessing the in-use performance of an OBD engine family, a set of OBD monitors used for determining the correct operation of the emission control system;

means a counter indicating the number of engine starts a vehicle has experienced;

means the ratio of the number of times that the conditions have existed under which a monitor, or group of monitors, should have detected a malfunction to the number of driving cycles of relevance to that monitor or group of monitors;

means a failure or deterioration of an engine system, including the OBD system, that might reasonably be expected to lead either to an increase in any of the regulated pollutants emitted by the engine system or to a reduction in the effectiveness of the OBD system;

(hereinafter ‘MI’) means an indicator which is part of the alert system and which clearly informs the driver of the vehicle in the event of a malfunction;

means the maximum value of the net power measured at full engine load;

means the power obtained on a test bench at the end of the crankshaft or its equivalent at the corresponding engine or motor speed with the auxiliaries according to Annex XIV and determined under reference atmospheric conditions;

means the maintenance which does not substantially affect emissions and which does not have a lasting effect on the emissions deterioration of the vehicle or the engine during normal in-use operation once the maintenance is performed;

means a system on-board a vehicle or engine which has the capability:

means a sequence consisting of an engine start, an operating period (of the engine), an engine shut-off, and the time until the next start, where a specific OBD monitor runs to completion and a malfunction would be detected if present;

(PM number) means the total number of solid particles emitted from the exhaust quantified according to the dilution, sampling and measurement methods as specified in Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation 49.

means malfunction monitoring that consists of functionality checks, and the monitoring of parameters that are not directly correlated to emission thresholds, that is done on components or systems to verify that they are operating within the proper range;

(hereinafter ‘PEMS’) means a portable emissions measurement system meeting the requirements specified in Appendix 2 to Annex II;

(hereinafter ‘QDC’) means a component or system that has been intentionally deteriorated such as by accelerated ageing or by having been manipulated in a controlled manner and which has been accepted by the approval authority in accordance with the provisions set out in Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 for use when demonstrating the OBD performance of the engine system;

means a malfunction where the signal from an individual sensor or component differs from that expected when assessed against signals available from other sensors or components within the control system including cases where all of the measured signals and component output data are individually within the range associated with normal operation of the associated sensor or component and where none of the sensors or components is individually indicating a malfunction;

means an external test equipment used for standardised off-board communication with the OBD system in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation;

means the ageing cycle and the service accumulation period for determining the deterioration factors for the engine-aftertreatment system family;

means a special mode of a dual-fuel engine that is activated for the purpose of repairing, or of moving the vehicle from the traffic when operation in the dual-fuel mode is not possible;

means monitoring in order to detect a malfunction which will lead to a complete loss of the desired function of a system;

means a dual-fuel engine that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio that is not lower than 90 per cent (GERWHTC ≥ 90 %), and that does not idle using exclusively diesel fuel, and that has no diesel mode;

means a dual-fuel engine that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio that is not lower than 90 per cent (GERWHTC ≥ 90 %), and that does not idle using exclusively diesel fuel in dual-fuel mode, and that has a diesel mode;

means a dual-fuel engine that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio between 10 per cent and 90 per cent (10 % < GERWHTC < 90 %) and that has no diesel mode or that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio that is not lower than 90 per cent (GERWHTC ≥ 90 %), but that idles using exclusively diesel fuel, and that has no diesel mode;

means a dual-fuel engine that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio between 10 per cent and 90 per cent (10 % < GERWHTC < 90 %) and that has a diesel mode or that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio that is not lower than 90 per cent (GERWHTC ≥ 90 %), but that can idle using exclusively diesel fuel in dual-fuel mode, and that has a diesel mode;

means a dual-fuel engine that operates over the hot part of the WHTC test-cycle with an average gas ratio that does not exceed 10 per cent (GERWHTC ≤ 10 %) and that has a diesel mode;

means information relating to an on-board diagnostic system for any electronic system on the vehicle;

means a group of vehicles which do not differ in essential engine and vehicle characteristics as set out in Appendix 4 to Annex I;

means a diesel particulate filter (hereinafter ‘DPF’) in which all the exhaust gas is forced to flow through a wall which filters out the solid matter;

means the ratio of the corresponding calorific value of a gas per unit volume and the square root of its relative density under the same reference conditions: WHgasρgasρair Which can also be expressed as WHgasρairρgas