(21)It is appropriate to impose restrictions on the provision of crypto-asset services, on the provision of the payment services referred to in Directive (EU) 2015/2366 of the European Parliament and of the Councilnote, and on the issuing of electronic money to Russian nationals, natural persons residing in Russia, and legal persons, entities or bodies established in Russia, in view of the importance of those services to the development of Russia’s financial technology and e-commerce sectors and the potential use of crypto-asset services to circumvent restrictive measures. These restrictions do not extend to the execution of payment transactions as referred to in Directive (EU) 2015/2366. The restrictions on the provision of payment services should not be understood as imposing obligations on payment initiation service providers to determine the nationality, residence or place of establishment of payment service users on a transaction-by-transaction basis, nor on acquirers of payment transactions to conduct sanctions screening of individual payment card transactions. Primary responsibility for sanctions compliance in relation to the execution of payment transactions rests with the account-servicing payment service provider. The restrictions on the provision of crypto-asset services are also binding on crypto-asset service providers operating under the transitional regime set out in Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Councilnote.