(2)In Opinion 2/15 of 16 May 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) clarified the division of competence between the Union and Member States in the context of the Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singaporenote, stating that removing disputes from the jurisdiction of the courts of the Member States cannot be of a purely ancillary nature and cannot, therefore, be established without the Member States’ consent. The CJEU clarified the procedure for the conclusion of mixed agreements in Opinion 1/19 of 6 October 2021 on the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention).
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