83In order to establish whether an act of which the applicant is not the addressee, such as the decision at issue, has binding legal effects, and is therefore capable of forming the subject matter of an action for annulment under Article 263 TFEU, it is not necessary to ascertain whether those effects are capable of affecting the applicant’s legal position, since that verification is relevant only in the context of the examination of compliance with the conditions of admissibility laid down in the fourth paragraph of Article 263 TFEU, according to which an action for annulment of an act is available to any person directly and individually concerned by it, where that latter provision applies. Whether an act is open to challenge must therefore be assessed objectively, on the basis of its substance, and not by reference to the applicant (see, to that effect, judgments of 12 July 2022, Nord Stream 2 v Parliament and Council, C‑348/20 P, EU:C:2022:548, paragraph 63, of 13 February 2025, Swissgrid v Commission, C‑121/23 P, EU:C:2025:83, paragraph 46, and of 10 February 2026, WhatsApp Ireland v European Data Protection Board, C‑97/23 P, EU:C:2026:81, paragraph 68).