22However, since that Article 205 specifies neither the persons that Member States may designate as joint and several debtors nor the situations in which such designation may be made, it is for the Member States to determine the conditions and arrangements under which the joint and several liability provided for in that article will be incurred in compliance, in particular, with the principles of legal certainty and of proportionality (judgment of 20 May 2021, ALTI, C‑4/20, EU:C:2021:397, paragraphs 31 and 32 and the case-law cited).
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