40As can be seen from recital 21 of Directive 2011/95, the recognition by a Member State of refugee status is declaratory and not constitutive of being a refugee. It follows that, within the system introduced by that directive, a third-country national or a stateless person who satisfies those conditions is, on that basis alone, a refugee for the purposes of Article 2(d) of that directive and Article 1(A) of the Geneva Convention (see, to that effect, judgment of 14 May 2019, M and Others (Revocation of refugee status), C‑391/16, C‑77/17 and C‑78/17, EU:C:2019:403, paragraphs 85 and 86).
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