32As observed, in essence, by the Advocate General in points 56 and 64 of his Opinion, it follows from the foregoing that, in the light of the element of intent inherent in the wording ‘circumstances which the applicant has created by his or her own decision’, the refusal to grant refugee status further to a subsequent application for international protection, on the basis of Article 5(3) of Directive 2011/95, tends to sanction an abusive intent on the part of an applicant who has ‘manufactured’ the circumstances on which the risk of persecution to which he or she would be exposed in the event of return to the country of origin and thus abused the applicable procedure for the grant of international protection.