58Moreover, the European Union can succeed the Member States in their international commitments when the Member States have transferred to it, by one of its founding Treaties, their competences relating to those commitments. Such is the case where the European Union has exclusive competence in a matter governed by the provisions of an international agreement concluded by all of the EU Member States (see, to that effect, judgment of 12 December 1972, International Fruit Company and Others, 21/72 to 24/72, EU:C:1972:115, paragraphs 10 to 18, and Opinion 2/15 (EU-Singapore Free Trade Agreement) of 16 May 2017, EU:C:2017:376, paragraph 248).
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