23It follows from the foregoing, first, that the entitlement to interest for late payment provided for in Article 3(1) of Directive 2011/7, and the entitlement to a fixed minimum sum provided for in Article 6(1) of that directive, which arise from a ‘late payment’ within the meaning of Article 2(4) of that directive, are linked to individual ‘commercial transactions’. Second, that interest, like that fixed sum, is to become payable automatically upon expiry of the period for payment laid down in Article 3(3) to (5) of that directive, provided that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 thereof are satisfied. Recital 17 of Directive 2011/7 makes clear in that regard that ‘a debtor’s payment should be regarded as late, for the purposes of entitlement to interest for late payment, where the creditor does not have the sum owed at his disposal on the due date provided that he has fulfilled his legal and contractual obligations’ (see, to that effect, judgment of 20 October 2022, BFF Finance Iberia, C‑585/20, EU:C:2022:806, paragraph 32).
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