108According to the Court’s case-law, where the existence of an infringement of Article 101 TFEU is established, the national competition authorities must, in principle, impose a fine on the infringer. With a view to ensuring the effective application of that provision in the general interest, it is important that those authorities should only exceptionally refrain from imposing a fine where an undertaking has infringed that provision intentionally or negligently (see, to that effect, judgments of 18 June 2013, Schenker & Co. and Others, C‑681/11, EU:C:2013:404, paragraph 46 and the case-law cited, and of 22 March 2022, Nordzucker and Others, C‑151/20, EU:C:2022:203, paragraph 64).
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