105Lastly, in the case which gave rise to the judgment of 28 February 2019, Council v Growth Energy and Renewable Fuels Association (C‑465/16 P, EU:C:2019:155, paragraphs 73, 74 and 79 to 81), the purpose of the contested measures was to introduce an anti-dumping duty on imports of bioethanol from the United States. The applicant was a US bioethanol producer. It did not export its product to the European Union, but sold it to traders/blenders. Those undertakings exported the bioethanol they had purchased from, inter alia, the applicant, at which point an anti-dumping duty was applied to that product. The contested measures had been adopted on the basis of Article 9(5) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009 of 30 November 2009 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (OJ 2009 L 343, p. 51) (now Article 9(5) of the basic regulation). Those provisions imposed an anti-dumping duty ‘on imports’ of products entering EU territory. Thus, those provisions, like the entire system established by the basic regulation, and in particular Article 21(1) thereof, do not apply to third-country producers as such, but only to third-country producers exporting their products to the European Union.