31In the present case, first, it is common ground that the possibility of combining criminal proceedings and penalties and administrative proceedings and penalties of a criminal nature is provided for by law, namely by Articles 1729 and 1741 of the CGI. Although the requirement that any limitation on the exercise of fundamental rights must be provided for by law implies that the legal basis which permits the interference with those rights must itself define the scope of the limitation on the exercise of the right concerned, that requirement is broadly indissociable from the requirements of clarity and precision arising from the principle of proportionality (see, to that effect, judgment of 16 July 2020, Facebook Ireland and Schrems, C‑311/18, EU:C:2020:559, paragraph 180), which will be examined in paragraph 34 et seq. below).
Source: EUR-Lex, © European Union, 1998-2026. Reuse authorised under Decision 2011/833/EU.