55Having made these points, it must be recalled that, according to the Court’s settled case-law, Article 1(2) of Directive 93/13 precludes from its substantive scope contractual terms which reflect ‘mandatory statutory or regulatory provisions’, wording which, in the light of the thirteenth recital of that directive, encompasses both provisions of national law which apply between contracting parties independently of their choice and provisions which are supplementary, that is to say, which apply by default, in the absence of other arrangements established between the parties (judgment of 21 December 2021, Trapeza Peiraios, C‑243/20, EU:C:2021:1045, paragraph 30 and the case-law cited).
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