80It is moreover open to individuals who may have been harmed by the infringement of their right to an effective remedy as a result of a decision of a court adjudicating at last instance to hold that Member State liable, provided that the conditions relating to the sufficiently serious nature of the breach and to the existence of a direct causal link between that breach and the loss or damage sustained by the injured party are satisfied (see, to that effect, in particular, judgments of 30 September 2003, Köbler, C‑224/01, EU:C:2003:513, paragraph 59; of 24 October 2018, XC and Others, C‑234/17, EU:C:2018:853, paragraph 58; and of 4 March 2020, Telecom Italia, C‑34/19, EU:C:2020:148, paragraphs 67 to 69).
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