41According to settled case-law, in order to determine whether the body making a reference is a ‘court or tribunal’ within the meaning of Article 267 TFEU, which is a question governed by EU law alone, the Court takes account of a number of factors, such as whether the body is established by law, whether it is permanent, whether its jurisdiction is compulsory, whether its procedure is inter partes, whether it applies rules of law and whether it is independent (see, to that effect, judgments of 30 June 1966, Vaassen-Göbbels, EU:C:1966:39, p. 273, and of 29 March 2022, Getin Noble Bank, EU:C:2022:235, paragraph 66 and the case-law cited).
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