31In those circumstances, it should be borne in mind that, in principle, a new rule of law applies from the entry into force of the act introducing it. While it does not apply to legal situations that have arisen and become definitive under the old law, it does apply to the future effects of a situation which arose under the old rule and to new legal situations also. The position will be otherwise – subject to the principle of the non-retroactivity of legal acts – only if the new rule is accompanied by special provisions which specifically lay down its conditions of temporal application (see, to that effect, judgments of 7 November 2013, Gemeinde Altrip and Others, C‑72/12, EU:C:2013:712, paragraph 22 and the case-law cited; of 17 October 2018, Klohn, C‑167/17, EU:C:2018:833, paragraphs 38 and 39; and of 15 January 2019, E.B., C‑258/17, EU:C:2019:17, paragraph 50).
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