23According to the Court’s settled case-law, the concept of ‘extraordinary circumstances’ within the meaning of Article 5(3) of Regulation No 261/2004 refers to events which, by their nature or origin, are not inherent in the normal exercise of the activity of the air carrier concerned and are beyond that carrier’s actual control; those two conditions are cumulative and their fulfilment must be assessed on a case-by-case basis (see, to that effect, judgments of 22 December 2008, Wallentin-Hermann, C‑549/07, EU:C:2008:771, paragraph 23; of 17 September 2015, van der Lans, C‑257/14, EU:C:2015:618, paragraph 36; of 17 April 2018, Krüsemann, paragraphs 32 and 34; and of 11 June 2020, Transportes Aéros Portugueses, C‑74/19, EU:C:2020:460, paragraph 37).
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