28It should also be borne in mind that Article 107(1) TFEU does not distinguish between measures of State intervention by reference to their causes or aims but defines them in relation to their effects (judgments of 2 July 1974, Italy v Commission, 173/73, EU:C:1974:71, paragraph 27, and of 29 March 2012, 3M Italia, C‑417/10, EU:C:2012:184, paragraph 36).