37It is apparent from the aim of Directive 2009/103 and its wording that, like the directives which it codifies, it does not seek to harmonise the rules of the Member States governing civil liability and that, as EU law currently stands, the Member States remain free to determine the rules of civil liability applicable to road accidents (judgments of 24 October 2013, Drozdovs, C‑277/12, EU:C:2013:685, paragraph 31 and the case-law cited, and of 14 September 2017, Delgado Mendes, C‑503/16, EU:C:2017:681, paragraph 47).
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