25As is apparent from the Court’s case-law, that concept presupposes a relationship of subordination of the employee to the employer; the essential feature of an employment relationship is that for a certain period of time one person performs services for and under the direction of another in return for which he or she receives remuneration (see, by analogy, judgments of 10 September 2015, Holterman Ferho Exploitatie and Others, C‑47/14, EU:C:2015:574, paragraphs 40 and 41, and of 11 April 2019, Bosworth and Hurley, C‑603/17, EU:C:2019:310, paragraphs 25 and 26).
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