29In that connection, it should be recalled in the first place that, subject to the exceptions laid down in Article 2(2), Directive 2008/115 applies to any third-country national staying illegally on the territory of a Member State (see, to that effect, judgments of 7 June 2016, Affum, C‑47/15, EU:C:2016:408, paragraph 61, and of 19 March 2019, Arib and Others, C‑444/17, EU:C:2019:220, paragraph 39). The concept of ‘illegal stay’ is defined in Article 3(2) of that directive as ‘the presence on the territory of a Member State, of a third-country national who does not fulfil, or no longer fulfils the conditions … for entry, stay or residence in that Member State’.
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