30In the first place, any act whereby a user, in full knowledge of the consequences of what he or she is doing, gives access to protected work is liable to constitute an act of communication for the purposes of Article 3(1) of Directive 2001/29 (see, to that effect, judgments of 2 April 2020, Stim and SAMI, C‑753/18, EU:C:2020:268, paragraph 32 and the case-law cited, and of 28 October 2020, BY (Photographic evidence), C‑637/19, EU:C:2020:863, paragraph 23 and the case‑law cited).
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